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Microchip Technology MCP4452T-104E/ST
- Part No.:
- MCP4452T-104E/ST
- Manufacturer:
- Microchip Technology
- Category:
- Digital Potentiometers
- Package:
- 14-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
MCP4452T-104E/ST.pdf
- Description:
- IC DGT POT 100KOHM 257TP 14TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
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Product details
Overview
MCP4452T-104E/ST from Microchip Technology is a volatile 8-bit quad digital rheostat IC with I²C interface, 100 kΩ end-to-end resistance, 257-tap resolution, ±75 Ω typical wiper resistance, and operation from 1.8V to 5.5V supply. It supports high-speed I²C up to 3.4 MHz and delivers 2 MHz bandwidth (−3 dB) at 100 kΩ for precision analog gain control in programmable current sources.
For engineers reviewing the MCP4452T-104E/ST datasheet, MCP4452T-104E/ST pinout, MCP4452T-104E/ST application, or MCP4452T-104E/ST equivalent, key selection criteria include rheostat configuration support, wiper reset capability via dedicated RESET pin, terminal disconnect via TCON register, brown-out protection at 1.65 V, and compatibility with split-rail analog systems requiring independent VDD/VSS and resistor terminal voltage ranges.
Technical Context
The MCP4452T-104E/ST implements four independent volatile RAB rheostat networks, each with A–W–B terminals configurable as two-terminal variable resistors. Wiper position is controlled exclusively via I²C commands; no nonvolatile memory is present, and power-on resets wipers to mid-scale (128). The device uses internal weak pull-ups on all digital inputs except SCL/SDA and features Schmitt-triggered inputs for noise immunity.
Its I²C interface supports Standard (100 kHz), Fast (400 kHz), and High-Speed (3.4 MHz) modes with bus capacitance limits of 400 pF (≤400 kHz) and 100 pF (3.4 MHz). The HVC/A0 pin enables WiperLock™ functionality when driven to ≥9.0 V, allowing hardware-level write protection of wiper registers without software intervention.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| RAB Resistance | 100 kΩ ±20% - defines maximum adjustable resistance range per channel; used for setting bias currents or feedback impedance. |
| Resolution | 8-bit / 257 taps - provides 0.39% step resolution (1/256 of RAB); enables fine-grained calibration of analog signal paths. |
| Wiper Resistance | 75 Ω typical - adds minimal series offset in current-sensing or low-impedance feedback loops; critical for accuracy below 1 kΩ effective resistance. |
| I²C Speed Support | Up to 3.4 MHz - allows sub-µs wiper updates; suitable for real-time closed-loop trimming in power supply or sensor conditioning circuits. |
| Operating Voltage | 1.8V to 5.5V - supports mixed-voltage systems; analog operation specified down to 1.8V while maintaining full I²C functionality. |
| Temperature Range | −40°C to +125°C - qualified for automotive under-hood, industrial motor control, and outdoor embedded applications. |
| Brown-out Threshold | 1.65 V typical - ensures reliable wiper initialization during power ramp-up; prevents undefined analog output during low-VDD conditions. |
Pinout & Package
TSSOP-20 package (4.4 mm × 6.5 mm, 0.65 mm pitch) with exposed pad for thermal enhancement. Pin functions validated per DS22267A-page 2 device block diagram and page 1 top-view package drawing.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VDD | Positive supply rail | Power source for logic and resistor network; must be stable within 1.8–5.5 V for guaranteed operation. |
| VSS | Ground reference | Analog and digital common return; separate from system ground if used in split-rail configurations. |
| SCL | I²C clock input | Drives synchronous serial communication; requires external pull-up; supports 3.4 MHz max frequency. |
| SDA | I²C data bidirectional line | Open-drain interface; shares bus with other I²C slaves; requires external pull-up. |
| RESET | Asynchronous hardware reset | Pulls all wipers to mid-scale (128) on active-low pulse ≥50 ns; overrides I²C commands during assertion. |
| HVC/A0 | High-voltage control / address bit | At ≥9.0 V, enables WiperLock™; at logic levels, selects I²C slave address (A0 = 0 or 1). |
| A1 | I²C address bit | Second address bit; combined with HVC/A0, sets one of four possible I²C addresses (0x2C–0x2F). |
| P0A, P0W, P0B | Channel 0 rheostat terminals | P0A and P0B are fixed ends; P0W is wiper - connect P0A–P0W or P0W–P0B for two-terminal rheostat use. |
| P1A, P1W, P1B | Channel 1 rheostat terminals | Independent of Channel 0; identical electrical behavior and layout symmetry. |
| P2A, P2W, P2B | Channel 2 rheostat terminals | Supports simultaneous multi-channel trimming; no crosstalk between channels per datasheet AC specs. |
| P3A, P3W, P3B | Channel 3 rheostat terminals | Enables four independent programmable resistors in single 20-pin package - reduces board space vs discrete pots. |
| NC | No-connect | Pin 17 is unconnected; must not be soldered or tied to any net. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Quad rheostat architecture | Four independent 100 kΩ, 8-bit RAB networks enable concurrent trimming of multiple analog paths (e.g., multi-phase power supply feedback). |
| Terminal disconnect via TCON | TCON register allows software-controlled disconnection of any A/W/B terminal - eliminates leakage paths during sleep or fault conditions. |
| WiperLock™ hardware protection | HVC/A0 pin at ≥9.0 V disables all wiper writes until voltage drops below 0.8 V above VDD - prevents accidental reconfiguration in noisy environments. |
| Split-rail analog compatibility | Resistor terminals (PxA/PxW/PxB) tolerate voltages from VSS to VDD - supports operation with floating analog grounds or bipolar supplies. |
| Low-tempco ratiometric tracking | 15 ppm/°C typical ratiometric tempco ensures stable voltage division across temperature - critical for precision sensor bridges and reference dividers. |
Applications
| LED Current Regulation | Programmable Gain Amplifier |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Adjustable constant-current driver for high-brightness LEDs in automotive lighting or signage. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Rheostat sets feedback resistance in LM3404/LM3409-based buck LED drivers to precisely define output current. Use Value: Enables factory calibration and field tuning of LED brightness without hardware changes; 100 kΩ range supports 5–500 mA current spans. |
Use Scenario: Digitally adjustable gain stage in instrumentation amplifiers for sensor signal conditioning. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Replaces mechanical potentiometer in noninverting op-amp feedback loop (e.g., INA128, AD8421). Use Value: Eliminates manual calibration drift; 8-bit resolution achieves ≤0.4% gain steps; 2 MHz bandwidth preserves signal integrity up to 100 kHz. |
| DC-DC Converter Trim | Industrial Sensor Biasing |
|
Use Scenario: Fine-tuning output voltage of isolated DC-DC modules (e.g., TI ISOW7841 + LDO) in PLC I/O modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Rheostat adjusts feedback divider ratio of secondary-side TL431 shunt regulator. Use Value: Enables post-manufacture VOUT calibration and dynamic adjustment via host MCU; 75 Ω wiper resistance minimizes error at low output voltages. |
Use Scenario: Programmable excitation current source for RTD or strain gauge bridges in process transmitters. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Sets current through precision 4-wire RTD (e.g., PT100) using constant-current topology with op-amp and MOSFET. Use Value: Supports NIST-traceable calibration across temperature; 15 ppm/°C ratiometric tempco maintains bridge balance stability over −40°C to +85°C. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar digital rheostat applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD5242BRUZ100 | Nonvolatile EEPROM storage; 256-tap, 100 kΩ; I²C interface; no RESET pin or HVC-based WiperLock. | Lacks hardware reset and write-protection; better for set-and-forget calibration but unsuitable for dynamic runtime adjustment with safety lockout. | Select when persistent wiper state across power cycles is required and hardware-level write protection is unnecessary. |
| MCP4552T-104E/ST | Identical pinout, package, and electrical specs; includes EEPROM memory for nonvolatile wiper storage. | Same rheostat function and timing behavior, but retains last wiper value after power loss - eliminates need for host MCU reinitialization. | Select when power-loss recovery without host intervention is mandatory, and added EEPROM endurance (100k cycles) is acceptable. |
Compared with AD5242BRUZ100 and MCP4552T-104E/ST, the MCP4452T-104E/ST offers deterministic mid-scale power-on default and hardware-enforced write protection via HVC, making it optimal for safety-critical recalibration sequences where unintended wiper changes must be physically blocked.
Availability
MCP4452T-104E/ST is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial motor drives, automotive body control modules, and medical diagnostic equipment requiring stable component supply with full traceability and extended temperature qualification.
Supply support for MCP4452T-104E/ST includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Microchip Technology Inc. is a leading provider of microcontrollers, analog components, and Flash-IP solutions, headquartered in Chandler, Arizona, with global design and manufacturing operations.
The MCP44xx/45xx family is designed for precision analog trimming in space-constrained, high-reliability systems - emphasizing low wiper resistance, wide voltage operation, and robust digital interface control for embedded calibration tasks.
FAQ
What is the power-on wiper position for MCP4452T-104E/ST?
The MCP4452T-104E/ST initializes all four wipers to mid-scale (code 128, hex 80h) upon power-up or RESET assertion. This behavior is guaranteed by internal POR/BOR circuitry and occurs regardless of prior I²C writes, ensuring predictable analog output at system startup.
Does MCP4452T-104E/ST support nonvolatile wiper storage?
No, the MCP4452T-104E/ST is a volatile-only device - wiper positions are stored in RAM and lost when VDD falls below the brown-out threshold (~1.65 V). For nonvolatile retention, consider the pin-compatible MCP4552T-104E/ST, which adds EEPROM memory while preserving identical electrical and timing characteristics.
Can MCP4452T-104E/ST be used in split-rail analog circuits?
Yes, the MCP4452T-104E/ST supports split-rail operation: resistor terminals (PxA, PxW, PxB) accept voltages from VSS to VDD, enabling use with floating analog grounds or dual-supply op-amps. VDD and VSS may be independently biased as long as their difference remains within 1.8–5.5 V.
What is the maximum allowable voltage on the HVC/A0 pin of MCP4452T-104E/ST?
The HVC/A0 pin tolerates up to 12.5 V absolute maximum, with VIHH entry threshold at 9.0 V minimum. When driven to ≥9.0 V, it activates WiperLock™ mode, disabling all wiper register writes until voltage drops below VDD + 0.8 V. This feature provides hardware-level protection against spurious I²C commands.
How does the TCON register function in MCP4452T-104E/ST?
The TCON (Terminal Control) register in MCP4452T-104E/ST allows software-selectable disconnection of any resistor terminal (A, W, or B) per channel. Setting bits in TCON opens internal CMOS switches, isolating terminals to prevent leakage, reduce power in standby, or eliminate parasitic paths during fault conditions - all without altering wiper position.
MCP4452T-104E/ST Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Microchip Technology
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 14-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Programmable:
- Not Verified
- Taper:
- Linear
- Configuration:
- Rheostat
- Number of Circuits:
- 4
- Number of Taps:
- 257
- Resistance (Ohms):
- 100k
- Interface:
- I2C
- Memory Type:
- Volatile
- Voltage - Supply:
- 1.8V ~ 5.5V
- Features:
- Mute, Selectable Address
- Tolerance:
- ±20%
- Temperature Coefficient (Typ):
- 150ppm/°C
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Supplier Device Package:
- 14-TSSOP
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C
- Resistance - Wiper (Ohms) (Typ):
- 75
MCP4452T-104E/ST FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MCP4452T-104E/ST through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MCP4452T-104E/ST on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MCP4452T-104E/ST reliable?
The price and inventory of MCP4452T-104E/ST are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MCP4452T-104E/ST is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MCP4452T-104E/ST?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MCP4452T-104E/ST transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MCP4452T-104E/ST?
MCP4452T-104E/ST orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MCP4452T-104E/ST order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MCP4452T-104E/ST?
For technical support, including MCP4452T-104E/ST datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MCP4452T-104E/ST requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MCP4452T-104E/ST is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MCP4452T-104E/ST products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MCP4452T-104E/ST meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MCP4452T-104E/ST?
All MCP4452T-104E/ST units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MCP4452T-104E/ST, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MCP4452T-104E/ST part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MCP4452T-104E/ST:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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