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Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP1591DS-LF
- Part No.:
- MP1591DS-LF
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Package:
- 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
MP1591DS-LF.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK ADJ 2A 8SOIC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,226
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Product details
Overview
MP1591DS-LF from Monolithic Power Systems is a current-mode, 2A step-down DC/DC converter with 6.5V–32V input range, fixed 330kHz switching frequency, 120mΩ internal high-side MOSFET, and adjustable 1.23V–21V output voltage. It delivers fast transient response for automotive power adapters and battery chargers requiring stable 2A output under wide-input conditions.
For engineers reviewing the MP1591DS-LF datasheet, MP1591DS-LF pinout, MP1591DS-LF application, or MP1591DS-LF equivalent, key selection criteria include its 34V absolute maximum input rating, cycle-by-cycle overcurrent protection, 20μA shutdown current, thermal shutdown at 160°C, and compatibility with low-ESR ceramic output capacitors in SOIC8 packaging.
Technical Context
The MP1591DS-LF implements peak-current-mode control with an internal transconductance error amplifier (700μA/V typ), slope compensation, and a 330kHz oscillator with ±20% tolerance. Its feedback loop regulates output via a 1.230V reference threshold at the FB pin, supported by COMP pin compensation networks.
It integrates a high-side N-channel MOSFET switch (120mΩ RDS(on)) driven by a bootstrap circuit (BS pin), requiring a minimum 10nF capacitor between SW and BS. The IC supports duty cycles from 0% to 90%, enabling output voltages up to 21V with VIN ≥ 24V.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Range | 6.5V to 32V - supports full automotive battery range including cold-crank (6.5V) and load-dump (32V) conditions. |
| Output Current | 2A continuous - enables rapid charging of PDA/cellular phone batteries without external current boosting. |
| Switching Frequency | 330kHz (±20%) - balances EMI performance and inductor size; allows use of compact 4.7μH–10μH inductors. |
| Internal High-Side RDS(on) | 120mΩ - reduces conduction loss and thermal stress at 2A, enabling >90% efficiency at mid-load with 12V input. |
| Feedback Reference Voltage | 1.230V (±2.3%) - sets output accuracy; enables precise resistor-divider programming from 1.23V to 21V. |
| Shutdown Current | 20μA - minimizes standby power in always-on automotive systems such as infotainment or telematics modules. |
| Thermal Shutdown | 160°C - protects against sustained overload or poor PCB thermal design while allowing safe operation up to +85°C ambient. |
Pinout & Package
MP1591DS-LF is housed in an 8-pin SOIC package (JEDEC MS-012, variation AA) with standard lead pitch (1.27mm), body dimensions 4.90mm × 3.90mm × 1.75mm, and exposed pad not present (SOIC8, not SOIC8E).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 BS | Bootstrap Supply Input | Drives high-side MOSFET gate; requires ≥10nF capacitor from SW to BS to sustain gate voltage above VIN during high-duty-cycle operation. |
| 2 IN | Main Power Input | Accepts 6.5V–32V supply; must be bypassed with ≥10μF low-ESR capacitor near pin to suppress switching noise and stabilize input rail. |
| 3 SW | Switch Node Output | Connects to inductor and bootstrap capacitor; carries high di/dt; layout critical to minimize EMI and voltage spikes. |
| 4 GND | Analog & Power Ground | Common return for internal circuits, feedback, and compensation; must be connected to low-impedance ground plane. |
| 5 FB | Feedback Input | Senses output voltage via resistive divider; 1.230V threshold determines regulation point; high-impedance node sensitive to noise. |
| 6 COMP | Compensation Node | Output of error amplifier; connects to RC network for loop stability; crossover frequency set near 33kHz (1/10 of 330kHz fSW). |
| 7 EN | Enable / UVLO Input | Active-high enable with 2.6V typical UVLO threshold and 250mV hysteresis; <0.8V ensures full shutdown (20μA IQ). |
| 8 REF | 5V Reference Output | Stable 5V source (±2%), capable of sourcing 1mA; used for biasing external circuitry or precision sensing; requires ≥10nF bypass. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Wide Input Range Support | 6.5V–32V operation covers automotive battery transients (cold crank to load dump), eliminating need for pre-regulator stages. |
| Integrated High-Side Switch | 120mΩ RDS(on) MOSFET reduces BOM count and PCB area versus external-FET solutions while maintaining 2A capability. |
| Low-ESR Ceramic Capacitor Compatibility | Stable with ceramic output caps down to 22μF-enables smaller, more reliable, and lower-ripple power supplies vs. electrolytic alternatives. |
| Current-Mode Control Architecture | Provides inherent cycle-by-cycle current limiting and simplified loop compensation-reduces design iteration time for varied output loads. |
| Fixed 330kHz Switching Frequency | Enables predictable EMI filtering and consistent inductor sizing across designs; avoids audible noise and simplifies EMC compliance testing. |
Applications
| Automotive Power Adapters | PDA & Cellular Phone Battery Chargers |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: 12V vehicle battery powering USB-C PD adapters delivering 5V/2A to mobile devices. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary step-down regulator converting 6.5V–32V automotive input to regulated 5V output with fast load-step response. Use Value: Maintains stable 5V output during engine cranking (6.5V) and alternator surges (up to 32V), ensuring uninterrupted charging. | Use Scenario: Portable medical PDA requiring isolated 3.3V/2A rail from a 24V industrial battery pack. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Non-isolated buck converter providing tightly regulated 3.3V output with <1% line/load regulation. Use Value: Delivers 2A continuous current with <50mV output ripple using only 22μF ceramic output capacitance-reducing board space and improving reliability. |
| Distributed Power Systems | Automotive Aftermarket Electronics |
Use Scenario: Central 24V bus powering multiple subsystems (camera, display, sensor fusion) in ADAS domain controller. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Point-of-load regulator generating 1.8V/2A for FPGA core logic with tight transient response. Use Value: Achieves 92% efficiency at 1.8V/2A with 24V input, minimizing heat buildup in thermally constrained enclosures. | Use Scenario: Dashcam or OBD-II dongle drawing power directly from vehicle cigarette lighter socket (9V–16V nominal). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Main DC/DC converter supplying 5V/2A to SoC and image sensor with built-in UVLO and thermal protection. Use Value: Survives 34V load-dump events and shuts down safely at 160°C-ensuring robust field operation without external protection circuitry. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down converter applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MP2451DT-LF-Z | 3A output, 2MHz switching, 3.3V–36V input, no REF pin, higher quiescent current (100μA) | Better suited for space-constrained designs needing higher current or faster transient response; lacks integrated 5V reference for auxiliary biasing. | Select when >2A output or >1MHz frequency is required; avoid if REF pin functionality or ultra-low shutdown current is critical. |
| LM2678SD-ADJ/NOPB | 5A output, 260kHz, 8V–40V input, external MOSFET, larger SOIC-8 footprint, no integrated REF | Higher power handling but requires external high-side switch and compensation; less integrated than MP1591DS-LF. | Select for >2A loads where thermal margin is limited; avoid for compact, low-component-count designs targeting ≤2A. |
Compared with MP2451DT-LF-Z and LM2678SD-ADJ/NOPB, the MP1591DS-LF offers optimal integration for 2A automotive adapters-combining low shutdown current (20μA), internal 5V REF, and SOIC8 footprint-while balancing efficiency, thermal safety, and design simplicity.
Availability
MP1591DS-LF is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive power adapters, PDA battery chargers, distributed power systems, and aftermarket electronics requiring stable component supply across extended temperature ranges and long production lifecycles.
Supply support for MP1591DS-LF includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance analog and mixed-signal ICs for power management, motion control, and automotive applications.
The MP1591 product line targets high-voltage DC/DC conversion in harsh environments-designed specifically for automotive battery-powered systems requiring wide input range, robust fault protection, and minimal external components.
FAQ
What is the absolute maximum input voltage for MP1591DS-LF?
The absolute maximum input voltage is +34V. Exceeding this rating may cause permanent damage. The recommended operating range remains 6.5V to 32V, covering automotive battery variations including cold-crank (6.5V) and load-dump (32V) events.
Can MP1591DS-LF operate with ceramic output capacitors?
Yes-it is explicitly designed for stability with low-ESR ceramic capacitors as small as 22μF. Unlike many older buck controllers, it does not require ESR-based zero compensation, simplifying layout and improving reliability in vibration-prone automotive environments.
How is output voltage adjusted on MP1591DS-LF?
Output voltage is set using a resistive divider from VOUT to FB, referenced to the internal 1.230V feedback threshold. For example, a 3.3V output uses R2 = 10kΩ and R1 ≈ 17kΩ. The datasheet provides exact formulas and compensation guidance for each target voltage and capacitor type.
Does MP1591DS-LF include thermal protection?
Yes-it features internal thermal shutdown that activates at approximately 160°C junction temperature. Once triggered, the device halts switching and resumes operation only after cooling below the hysteresis threshold, protecting against sustained overload or inadequate heatsinking.
What is the purpose of the REF pin on MP1591DS-LF?
The REF pin provides a stable 5.0V ±2% reference output capable of sourcing up to 1mA. It can power external circuitry such as level-shifters, op-amps, or ADC references-eliminating the need for a separate LDO in multi-rail systems.
Is an external bootstrap diode required for MP1591DS-LF?
An external bootstrap diode (e.g., BAT54) is recommended-not required-for high-duty-cycle operation (VOUT/VIN > 65%) or fixed 5V input applications. It improves high-side gate drive efficiency and reduces BS capacitor stress, especially when output exceeds 12V.
What package variant does MP1591DS-LF use?
MP1591DS-LF uses the standard SOIC8 package (no exposed pad), per JEDEC MS-012 variation AA. It differs from the MP1591DN variant, which uses SOIC8E with exposed thermal pad. Thermal resistance θJA is 90°C/W for SOIC8, versus 50°C/W for SOIC8E.
MP1591DS-LF Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tube
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 6.5V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 32V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1.23V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 21V
- Current - Output:
- 2A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 330kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- Yes
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 8-SOIC
MP1591DS-LF FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MP1591DS-LF through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MP1591DS-LF on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MP1591DS-LF reliable?
The price and inventory of MP1591DS-LF are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MP1591DS-LF is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MP1591DS-LF?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MP1591DS-LF transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MP1591DS-LF?
MP1591DS-LF orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MP1591DS-LF order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MP1591DS-LF?
For technical support, including MP1591DS-LF datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MP1591DS-LF requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MP1591DS-LF is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MP1591DS-LF products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MP1591DS-LF meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MP1591DS-LF?
All MP1591DS-LF units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MP1591DS-LF, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MP1591DS-LF part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MP1591DS-LF:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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