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Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2491CGQB-Z
- Part No.:
- MP2491CGQB-Z
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Package:
- 13-PowerVFQFN
- Datasheet:
-
MP2491CGQB-Z.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG BUCK ADJ 6A 13QFN
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,617
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Product details
Overview
MP2491CGQB-Z from Monolithic Power Systems is a fully integrated 32V, 6A synchronous step-down converter with programmable current limit and dual voltage scaling control (VSEL1/VSEL2). It delivers ±1% output voltage accuracy across 0.5V–30V range, features constant-on-time (COT) control for <250μs power-good response, and integrates 33mΩ/22mΩ MOSFETs in a QFN-13 (2.5mm×3mm) package for USB PD power supplies and automotive cigarette lighter adapters.
For engineers reviewing the MP2491CGQB-Z datasheet, MP2491CGQB-Z pinout, MP2491CGQB-Z application, or MP2491CGQB-Z equivalent, this page provides verified technical context on COT transient response, VSEL-driven reference selection (0.5V/0.9V/1.2V/1.5V/2.0V), programmable hiccup OCP, and PG timing behavior under dynamic voltage scaling.
Technical Context
The MP2491CGQB-Z employs constant-on-time (COT) control with internal ramp compensation to maintain stable 490kHz switching across 4V–32V input while enabling sub-100ns minimum off time and 10μs maximum on time. Its dual VSEL pins configure five distinct FB reference voltages (0.5V–2.0V) with ±1.5% tolerance, enabling precise output voltage scaling during DVS transitions with 10–18mV/μs slew rate control.
It integrates high-side and low-side MOSFETs (33mΩ/22mΩ), a 5V internal LDO (4.8–5.3V, 20mA capable), and independent protection circuits: hiccup-mode OCP triggered by ILIM resistor (30kΩ–230kΩ), 115%VREF OVP with 5μs deglitch, and thermal shutdown at 150°C with 20°C hysteresis.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Range | 4.0V to 32V - supports wide-range industrial and automotive inputs including 24V bus and 12V battery systems |
| Output Current | 6A continuous - enables single-chip 30W+ power delivery without external MOSFETs |
| Switching Frequency | Fixed 490kHz - ensures predictable EMI profile and compact magnetics design |
| Feedback Reference | Five selectable values (0.5V/0.9V/1.2V/1.5V/2.0V) - enables dynamic voltage scaling for CPU/GPU rail sequencing |
| Quiescent Current | 450μA - minimizes standby power loss in always-on USB-C PD applications |
| Current Limit Accuracy | ±15% over temperature - allows reliable overcurrent setting via ILIM resistor without calibration |
| Power Good Delay | 250μs rise / 50μs fall - provides deterministic system reset timing for downstream processors |
Pinout & Package
MP2491CGQB-Z is housed in a thermally enhanced QFN-13 package (2.5mm × 3mm, 0.5mm pitch) with exposed thermal pad. Pin 1 is marked with dot; top-side marking includes BAX code per MPS specification.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 IN | High-voltage input supply | Drain of internal HS-FET; accepts 4V–32V unregulated input; requires local 30μF ceramic capacitor |
| 2 PGND | Power ground return | Carries high-frequency switch node current; must be separated from AGND to avoid noise coupling |
| 3 VCC | Internal 5V LDO output | Supplies internal logic; requires 2.2μF decoupling; remains active even when EN = low |
| 4 VSEL1 | Primary reference select | Configures FB reference among five options when tied to VCC/AGND/½VCC divider; not floatable |
| 5 VSEL2 | Secondary reference select | Combines with VSEL1 to select full reference set; must be connected to VCC or AGND |
| 6 FB | Feedback input | Senses output via resistor divider; error amplifier compares to selected VREF; supports line drop compensation |
| 7 AGND | Analog ground reference | Low-noise reference for FB, ILIM, MODE; must be shorted to PGND at single point |
| 8 SW | Switch node output | Source of HS-FET; connects to inductor; drives bootstrap capacitor through BST pin |
| 9 BST | Bootstrap supply | Forms floating gate drive for HS-FET; requires 0.1μF ceramic capacitor between BST and SW |
| 10 MODE | Operation mode control | Selects auto PFM/PWM (0.9VCC) or forced PWM (0.12VCC); enables light-load efficiency optimization |
| 11 EN | Enable input | Active-high digital control with 1.24V threshold and 2MΩ pull-down; includes EN discharge path |
| 12 ILIM | Current limit programming | Resistor-to-ground sets peak/valley current limit; supports 3.1A–7.2A range with ±15% tolerance |
| 13 PG | Power good indicator | Open-drain output signaling UV/OV faults; asserts low during VSEL transitions until output settles |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Dual VSEL-controlled reference selection | Five discrete FB references (0.5V–2.0V) enable precise rail sequencing and dynamic voltage scaling without external DAC |
| Programmable current limit via ILIM | Adjustable 3.1A–7.2A output current limit using single resistor; supports hiccup-mode fault recovery |
| Constant-on-time (COT) control | Enables <250μs load transient response and eliminates need for external compensation network |
| Integrated 5V VCC LDO | Delivers 20mA at 4.8–5.3V; powers external USB protocol controllers and remains active during EN shutdown |
| Output voltage slew rate control | 10–18mV/μs controlled ramp during DVS prevents overshoot/undershoot in sensitive SoC rails |
| Low dropout mode operation | Extends on-time up to 10μs and enters 98% max duty cycle when VIN approaches VOUT, maintaining regulation down to ΔV = 0.3V |
Applications
| USB-C Power Delivery Adapters | Automotive Cigarette Lighter Converters |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Compact 60W USB-C PD adapter converting 12V/24V vehicle battery to programmable 5V/9V/15V/20V outputs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary buck controller managing DVS transitions between PD profiles with PG-synchronized host handshaking. Use Value: Dual VSEL pins enable seamless voltage stepping with 250μs PG assertion delay, ensuring safe USB PD contract negotiation. | Use Scenario: In-car power supply delivering stable 5V/3A to tablets and navigation systems from noisy 12V battery rail. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-reliability DC-DC regulator with 32V abs max rating and thermal shutdown protecting against load dump transients. Use Value: 4.0V–32V input range and 150°C thermal shutdown ensure uninterrupted operation during cold cranking (6.5V) and load dump (34V). |
| Industrial Display Power Rails | Multifunction Printer (MFP) Supplies |
Use Scenario: Powering LCD backlight and logic rails in commercial monitors requiring multiple isolated 3.3V/5V/12V outputs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Main 6A buck stage generating primary 12V rail with line-drop compensation to maintain ±1% regulation under cable resistance. Use Value: Built-in line drop compensation (220mV at 3A) corrects for IR losses in long PCB traces or connectors. | Use Scenario: Central power management IC in MFP supplying motor drivers, scanner lamps, and logic subsystems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-current primary converter supporting burst-mode printing loads up to 6A with hiccup OCP limiting fault energy. Use Value: Programmable ILIM resistor allows tuning current limit to match motor inrush without oversizing external components. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar step-down converter applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MP2491DGQB-Z | Same pinout and electrical specs but rated for -40°C to +150°C junction temperature (vs. +125°C) | Required for extended-temperature automotive under-hood use where ambient exceeds 105°C | Select MP2491DGQB-Z only if operating junction temperature >125°C is required; otherwise MP2491CGQB-Z offers identical performance at lower cost |
| RTQ2132BGQW-Z | 4.5V–36V input, 6A, but uses current-mode control and lacks VSEL-based DVS; 500kHz typical fSW | Supports higher input voltage but cannot perform synchronized multi-rail voltage scaling like MP2491C | Choose RTQ2132BGQW-Z when absolute max input >32V is needed and DVS is not required; MP2491CGQB-Z preferred for USB PD and SoC rail sequencing |
Compared with MP2491DGQB-Z, the MP2491CGQB-Z trades 25°C higher max junction temperature for lower unit cost and identical functionality in standard industrial environments; versus RTQ2132BGQW-Z, it uniquely delivers five-point programmable reference selection essential for dynamic voltage scaling in modern USB-C and processor power systems.
Availability
MP2491CGQB-Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for USB-C PD adapters, automotive cigarette lighter converters, and industrial display power rails requiring stable component supply, RoHS-compliant packaging, and lead-free/halogen-free construction.
Supply support for MP2491CGQB-Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, with core expertise in DC-DC conversion, LED drivers, and motor control solutions.
The MP2491C product line targets high-efficiency, space-constrained power conversion in consumer, industrial, and automotive applications-designed specifically for systems requiring programmable current limit, dynamic voltage scaling, and robust protection in compact QFN packages.
FAQ
What is the minimum recommended input capacitance for MP2491CGQB-Z?
A minimum 30μF X5R/X7R ceramic capacitor is required at the IN pin, placed as close as possible to pins 1 (IN) and 2 (PGND). This value ensures stable operation under 6A load transients and suppresses high-frequency switching noise; larger capacitance improves hold-up time but does not affect loop stability due to COT control architecture.
How does the MP2491CGQB-Z implement output voltage slew rate control during DVS?
The MP2491CGQB-Z controls slew rate via internal circuitry that limits the rate of change of the error amplifier reference during VSEL1/VSEL2 transitions. Measured at 10–18mV/μs, this ensures controlled ramping between output voltages (e.g., 5V→9V) without overshoot, directly supporting USB PD profile switching and preventing latch-up in downstream regulators.
Can MP2491CGQB-Z operate in dropout condition, and what happens to regulation?
Yes-when VIN drops within ~0.3V of VOUT, the MP2491CGQB-Z enters low dropout mode: the on-timer extends up to 10μs and duty cycle increases to 98%, maintaining regulation. Output voltage remains within ±2% of target until VIN falls below VOUT + 0.2V, after which VOUT collapses linearly with VIN.
What is the purpose of the VCC pin, and can it power external circuitry?
VCC is the output of an internal 5V LDO regulator powered from VIN. It supplies internal logic and can source up to 20mA at 4.8–5.3V-sufficient to power external USB PD protocol controllers or level shifters. A mandatory 2.2μF ceramic capacitor must be placed between VCC and AGND, and VCC remains active even when EN = low.
How does the ILIM pin set current limit, and what resistor values correspond to common limits?
The ILIM pin uses a resistor-to-ground to program peak/valley current limit. With 51kΩ: 7.19A (±15%); 64.9kΩ: 5.6A; 95.3kΩ: 3.6A; 110kΩ: 3.11A. The relationship is inverse and nonlinear-see Figure 8 in the datasheet. Resistor tolerance directly impacts limit accuracy; 1% metal film is recommended.
Does MP2491CGQB-Z support pre-biased output startup?
No-the MP2491CGQB-Z disables switching during pre-biased startup. If VOUT is already charged when EN rises, the internal soft-start circuit waits until its capacitor voltage exceeds the selected VREF before enabling PWM. This prevents reverse current flow and ensures monotonic startup without output collapse.
What is the thermal performance of MP2491CGQB-Z on a standard 4-layer PCB?
On a 4-layer 2oz copper EV2491C-QB-00A evaluation board (8.5cm×8.5cm), the MP2491CGQB-Z exhibits θJA = 32°C/W. At 6A/12V output, case temperature rise is ~45°C above ambient-well within the -40°C to +125°C operating range. Thermal pad soldering is mandatory for this performance.
MP2491CGQB-Z Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 13-PowerVFQFN
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Step-Down
- Output Configuration:
- Positive
- Topology:
- Buck
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Input (Min):
- 4V
- Voltage - Input (Max):
- 32V
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 0.5V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 30V
- Current - Output:
- 6A
- Frequency - Switching:
- 490kHz
- Synchronous Rectifier:
- Yes
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 13-QFN (2.5x3)
MP2491CGQB-Z FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MP2491CGQB-Z through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MP2491CGQB-Z on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MP2491CGQB-Z reliable?
The price and inventory of MP2491CGQB-Z are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MP2491CGQB-Z is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MP2491CGQB-Z?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MP2491CGQB-Z transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MP2491CGQB-Z?
MP2491CGQB-Z orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MP2491CGQB-Z order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MP2491CGQB-Z?
For technical support, including MP2491CGQB-Z datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MP2491CGQB-Z requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MP2491CGQB-Z is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MP2491CGQB-Z products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MP2491CGQB-Z meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MP2491CGQB-Z?
All MP2491CGQB-Z units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MP2491CGQB-Z, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MP2491CGQB-Z part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MP2491CGQB-Z:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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