Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2637GR-P

Overview

MP2637GR-P from Monolithic Power Systems is a 2.5A switch-mode single-cell Li-ion/Li-polymer battery charger with integrated power path management (PPM), 2.4A boost capability, trickle-charge timer, and dual-mode operation (charge/boost). It delivers programmable 4.2V/4.35V charge voltage (±0.5%), supports input voltage regulation (4.5–6V), and enables system power continuity during input loss in portable power-bank applications.

For engineers reviewing the MP2637GR-P datasheet, MP2637GR-P pinout, MP2637GR-P application, or MP2637GR-P equivalent, this device requires attention to PPM control logic, OLIM/ISET resistor programming, thermal regulation at 120°C, and mode transition timing between charge and boost states - all critical for reliable USB-powered portable system design.

Technical Context

The MP2637GR-P implements dual-path power management: in charge mode, it regulates input current (programmable up to 3A) and input voltage via the REG pin while executing trickle/constant-current/constant-voltage charging with auto-recharge and termination. Its internal high-side PMOS (30 mΩ) and low-side NMOS (30 mΩ) switches enable efficient pass-through and charge control.

In boost mode, activated by MODE = HIGH when ACOK is inactive, it converts battery voltage (2.5–4.35V) to regulated SYS output (4.2–6V) with programmable output current limit (up to 2.4A) set via OLIM and short-circuit protection that fully disconnects the battery. The device uses a fixed 600 kHz switching frequency and integrates NTC-based battery temperature monitoring with rising/falling thresholds at 0°C and 50°C.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

MP2637GR-P is housed in a thermally enhanced QFN-24 package (4mm × 4mm, 0.5mm pitch) with exposed thermal pad (PGND-connected) for efficient heat dissipation in high-power charging/boost operation.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar single-cell battery charger with boost applications.

Compared with BQ25895RTWR and IP5306, the MP2637GR-P uniquely integrates input voltage regulation, programmable 4.2/4.35V charge voltage, and certified safety features - making it optimal for compact, certified, and thermally constrained portable systems requiring robust dual-mode operation.

Availability

MP2637GR-P is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power-bank systems, USB-C portable monitors, smart audio devices, and portable medical sensor hubs requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and RoHS-compliant packaging.

Supply support for MP2637GR-P includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance analog and power ICs, with over two decades of leadership in DC/DC conversion, battery management, and motor drive solutions.

The MP2637 product line targets portable electronics requiring integrated charge + boost functionality in minimal footprint, emphasizing safety certification (IEC 62368-1 AK), thermal resilience, and seamless power-path arbitration.

FAQ

What is the minimum recommended output capacitance on the SYS pin?

The MP2637GR-P requires a minimum of 22µF ceramic capacitance placed directly between SYS and PGND. Total bulk capacitance (CSYS + C2) must be ≥44µF, with ceramic preferred - electrolytic capacitors are explicitly discouraged due to ESR and reliability concerns in boost regulation loops.

How does the MP2637GR-P handle input overvoltage events?

The device incorporates integrated input overvoltage protection that triggers at 16V absolute maximum and clamps operation before damage occurs. During sustained overvoltage (>6.5V), internal circuitry disables switching and places the device in safe high-impedance state until VIN returns within 4.5–6V operating range.

Can the MP2637GR-P charge a 4.35V Li-ion cell and simultaneously power a 5V system load?

Yes - with VB pin tied to GND, the MP2637GR-P sets full-charge voltage to 4.35V and maintains system power via the IN-to-SYS pass-through path during charging. This enables concurrent charging and operation without battery isolation or external OR-ing circuits.

What is the purpose of the REG pin, and how is it configured?

The REG pin connects to a resistor divider from VIN to GND to set an input voltage regulation threshold (e.g., 4.75V). When VIN drops to this threshold, the IC reduces charge current to prevent further VIN sag - critical for maintaining stable USB host communication during high-current charging.

Does the MP2637GR-P support automatic transition between charge and boost modes?

Yes - transition is fully autonomous and controlled by PWIN and MODE logic levels. When ACOK goes HIGH (input removed) and MODE is driven HIGH, the device exits charge mode and enters boost mode within 1.2ms, with no firmware or external sequencing required.

How is battery temperature monitoring implemented?

Using the NTC pin, the MP2637GR-P interfaces with a standard NCP18XH103 thermistor to detect low-temperature (0°C rising threshold at 66.6% R25) and high-temperature (50°C rising threshold at 35% R25) conditions. Charge is suspended outside JEITA-defined windows, with 1% hysteresis for stable recovery.

What is the function of the TMR pin, and what happens if it is shorted to GND?

The TMR pin accepts a timing capacitor (e.g., 0.1µF) to set a 336-minute total charge timeout. If shorted to GND, the trickle timer is disabled - allowing indefinite charging, which is unsafe for deeply discharged cells and not recommended for production designs.