Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2637GR-Z

Overview

MP2637GR-Z from Monolithic Power Systems is a 2.5A switch-mode single-cell Li-ion/Li-Polymer battery charger with integrated power path management (PPM) and 2.4A boost capability, supporting simultaneous system power delivery and battery charging in portable devices. It delivers programmable 4.2V/4.35V charge voltage (±0.5%), 2.5A charge current, and operates across 4.5V–6V input range with thermal regulation at 120°C.

For engineers reviewing the MP2637GR-Z datasheet, MP2637GR-Z pinout, MP2637GR-Z application, or MP2637GR-Z equivalent, key selection considerations include its dual-mode operation (charge/boost), input current limit programming via ILIM, output current limit setting via OLIM, NTC-based battery temperature monitoring, and IEC 62368-1 AK safety certification for end-product compliance.

Technical Context

The MP2637GR-Z implements a synchronous buck topology for charging and a synchronous boost converter for system power delivery, with independent control loops for input current limit (via ILIM resistor), charge current (ISET), and boost output current (OLIM). Its power path architecture dynamically prioritizes system load over battery charging when input power is constrained.

It integrates three-phase charging (trickle → constant current → constant voltage), auto-recharge, and dual-mode status indication (CHG/BOOST open-drain pins). Protection includes input over-voltage (20V abs max), battery over-voltage (103.3% of full voltage), thermal shutdown (150°C), and short-circuit isolation in boost mode.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

MP2637GR-Z is housed in a thermally enhanced QFN-24 package (4mm × 4mm, 0.5mm pitch) with exposed thermal pad (PGND-connected) for efficient heat dissipation in high-current charging applications.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar single-cell battery charger with boost functionality applications.

Compared with BQ25611DRTWR and IP2326TR, MP2637GR-Z uniquely combines 2.5A charge current, 4.2V/4.35V selectability, input voltage regulation, and IEC 62368-1 AK certification in a single QFN-24 package-making it optimal for certified, high-performance portable power banks and sub-battery systems.

Availability

MP2637GR-Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for smartphone power banks, tablet sub-battery systems, industrial handheld scanners, and wireless earbud charging cases requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and RoHS-compliant sourcing.

Supply support for MP2637GR-Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance analog and power ICs, with design centers in the US, China, and Taiwan, and global manufacturing partnerships.

The MP2637 belongs to MPS's battery management IC product line, engineered specifically for portable electronics requiring integrated charge + boost functionality, JEITA compliance, and end-equipment safety certification-targeting power banks, docking stations, and IoT edge devices.

FAQ

What is the minimum recommended input voltage for reliable MP2637GR-Z operation?

The MP2637GR-Z requires a minimum input voltage of 4.5V to operate within its specified conditions. Below this threshold, input UVLO may activate, disabling charging and pass-through functions. The device supports up to 16V sustained input but is optimized for 5V USB adapters; operation at 4.5V–6V ensures stable regulation of both charge and boost modes without current foldback.

How does the MP2637GR-Z handle battery over-voltage protection?

The MP2637GR-Z monitors battery voltage continuously and triggers over-voltage protection at 103.3% of the programmed full voltage (e.g., 4.35V × 1.033 = 4.49V). Upon detection, it immediately terminates charging and holds the battery in float state. The OVP threshold has ±0.1% tolerance and includes hysteresis to prevent oscillation near the trip point, ensuring robust cell safety without false trips.

Can the MP2637GR-Z charge a 4.35V Li-ion cell and boost to 5V simultaneously?

Yes-the MP2637GR-Z supports simultaneous 4.35V charging and 5V boost output. When VB pin is grounded, it configures for 4.35V termination; FB resistor divider sets SYS to 5V; and power path management dynamically allocates input current between battery charge and system load. This enables true pass-through operation in power banks and docking stations without intermediate storage or voltage conversion loss.

What is the purpose of the REG pin, and how is it configured?

REG is the input voltage regulation feedback pin. It connects to a resistor divider from VIN to GND to set a target input voltage (e.g., 4.7V). When input current demand would cause VIN to drop below this value, the MP2637GR-Z reduces charge current to maintain regulation-preventing USB port collapse and ensuring stable system operation with marginal adapters. Typical divider uses 100kΩ top and 24.9kΩ bottom resistors.

Does the MP2637GR-Z support automatic recharge, and how is it triggered?

Yes-automatic recharge activates when battery voltage falls 200mV below the full-charge threshold (e.g., 4.2V → 4.0V or 4.35V → 4.15V). This hysteresis prevents rapid cycling. Recharge begins in constant-current mode if battery voltage remains above the trickle threshold (3.0V/3.1V); otherwise, it starts with trickle charge. The feature is always enabled and requires no external configuration.

What thermal protection mechanisms does the MP2637GR-Z implement beyond shutdown?

In addition to 150°C thermal shutdown, the MP2637GR-Z features active thermal regulation at 120°C: it dynamically reduces charge current to hold die temperature at or below this limit, allowing continued (though slower) charging instead of complete interruption. This preserves usability in thermally constrained enclosures like slim power banks, while thermal shutdown serves as final fail-safe.

Is the MP2637GR-Z compatible with lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) batteries?

No-the MP2637GR-Z is designed exclusively for single-cell Li-ion and Li-polymer batteries with 4.2V or 4.35V termination profiles. LiFePO₄ requires ~3.6V termination and different charge algorithms (e.g., no CC/CV, no trickle phase). Using it with LiFePO₄ risks overcharging and thermal hazard; dedicated LiFePO₄ chargers such as MP2672 should be selected instead.