Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2651GVT-030A-P

Overview

MP2651GVT-030A-P from Monolithic Power Systems is a fully integrated I²C-controlled buck-boost battery charger IC optimized for 3-cell Li-ion/Li-polymer battery packs (10.2–14.01V regulation range). It supports 4V–22V input, delivers up to 6A charge current with ±0.5% voltage accuracy, and enables bidirectional power flow via reverse source mode (4V–21V output, up to 6A). It is deployed in portable multi-cell USB PD power banks requiring seamless charge/discharge arbitration and JEITA-compliant thermal management.

For engineers reviewing the MP2651GVT-030A-P datasheet, MP2651GVT-030A-P pinout, MP2651GVT-030A-P application, or MP2651GVT-030A-P equivalent, key selection considerations include its factory-configured 3-cell OTP setting, TQFN-30 package thermal performance (θJA = 38°C/W), I²C-register programmability of VIN_MIN/IIN_LIM/VIN_SRC, and integrated NTC-based temperature protection with configurable cold/warm/hot thresholds.

Technical Context

The MP2651 implements a synchronous 4-switch buck-boost topology with internal MOSFET drivers (RON_Q1 = 10mΩ, RON_Q2 = 8mΩ, RON_Q3 = 8mΩ, RON_Q4 = 20mΩ) enabling continuous conduction across buck/boost transitions. Its dual-mode operation is governed by real-time comparison of VIN and VBATT, with automatic phase sequencing and adaptive gate drive timing.

Charge control uses four-stage profiling (trickle → pre-charge → fast-charge → constant-voltage) with configurable thresholds (e.g., pre-charge-to-fast at 2.9–3.1V/cell), while source mode employs independent regulation of VIN_SRC (20mV/step resolution) and IIN_SRC (50mA/step), both monitored via a shared 10-bit ADC and reported through I²C status registers.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

The MP2651GVT-030A-P is housed in a thermally enhanced TQFN-30 (4mm × 5mm, 0.5mm pitch) package with exposed thermal pad, supporting 3.29W continuous dissipation at 25°C ambient.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar buck-boost charger applications.

Compared with BQ25792RTWR and ISL9241IRZ-T, the MP2651GVT-030A-P uniquely combines factory-optimized 3-cell configuration, integrated source-mode control with 50mA current granularity, and ACGATE-driven OVP-making it the only solution that eliminates external components while supporting full USB PD 3.0 sink/source negotiation in a single IC.

Availability

MP2651GVT-030A-P is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power banks, wireless speakers, drones, and mobile printers requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and RoHS-compliant packaging.

Supply support for MP2651GVT-030A-P includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, with over 20 years of expertise in DC-DC conversion, battery management, and motor control.

The MP2651 product line targets portable multi-cell battery systems requiring bidirectional energy flow, integrating charger, source regulator, safety monitoring, and digital configurability into one TQFN package for USB PD-compliant consumer and industrial devices.

FAQ

What does the "-030A" suffix indicate in MP2651GVT-030A-P?

The "-030A" suffix denotes the factory-programmed OTP (One-Time Programmable) configuration for 3-cell Li-ion battery applications. This sets default values for battery regulation voltage (10.2–14.01V), JEITA temperature thresholds, and pre-charge thresholds optimized for 3S packs-reducing firmware initialization time and ensuring safe out-of-box operation.

How does the MP2651GVT-030A-P handle thermal regulation during high-current charging?

The IC uses an internal die temperature sensor with a configurable thermal regulation threshold (up to 120°C). When exceeded, it dynamically reduces charge current to maintain junction temperature below the limit, avoiding thermal shutdown. This closed-loop throttling preserves battery health and enables sustained 6A charging in thermally constrained enclosures with proper PCB copper pour.

Can the MP2651GVT-030A-P operate without an external NTC thermistor?

Yes-it supports NTC floating detection (VNTC_FLT at 95% of VVNTC) and battery missing detection. If the NTC pin is left unconnected, the device flags a fault via I²C status register and disables charging, preventing unsafe operation. No pull-up/down resistors are required; the internal bias circuitry handles open-circuit detection autonomously.

What is the role of the ACGATE pin, and what external component is required?

The ACGATE pin drives the gate of an external N-channel MOSFET used for input over-voltage protection. A 1MΩ resistor must be connected between ACGATE and the MOSFET's source terminal to ensure safe turn-off during ADP OVLO events. This architecture isolates the input adapter from the battery during fault conditions without relying on internal switches.

Does the MP2651GVT-030A-P support USB PD communication directly?

No-it does not integrate a USB PD PHY or BMC decoder. However, it is fully compatible with USB PD 3.0 source/sink specifications by providing the required voltage/current regulation ranges (4–21V, 0–6A), input current limiting, and status reporting via I²C. A separate PD controller (e.g., CYPD3177) must manage the CC logic and coordinate with the MP2651's registers.

How is charge termination determined in constant-voltage mode?

Termination occurs when charge current falls below a user-configurable threshold (ITRM = 100–400mA, ±20% accuracy) for a duration set by the CC/CV timer (18–22 hours). The IC continuously monitors SRP/SRN differential voltage across the battery sense resistor and asserts a status bit upon termination, allowing host MCU to disable charging and enter maintenance mode.

What is the minimum recommended input capacitance for stable operation at 6A?

Four 10μF X7R ceramic capacitors (total 40μF) placed close to the IN and PGND pins are required to suppress high-frequency switching noise and sustain 6A peak currents. These must be low-ESR types rated for ≥25V with ≤5mΩ impedance at 1MHz to prevent input voltage droop during transient load steps.