Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2651GVT-040A-P

Overview

MP2651GVT-040A-P from Monolithic Power Systems is a fully integrated I²C-controlled buck-boost battery charger IC for 4-cell Li-ion/Li-polymer series packs (up to 18.68V), supporting 4V–22V input and delivering up to 6A charge current with ±0.5% voltage regulation accuracy at 25°C. It enables bidirectional operation-charging from adapter input and supplying regulated 4V–21V output in reverse source mode-and integrates N-channel MOSFET drivers, 10-bit ADC, and JEITA-compliant thermal management. Used in high-density USB PD power banks requiring multi-cell support and dynamic charge/discharge control.

For engineers reviewing the MP2651GVT-040A-P datasheet, MP2651GVT-040A-P pinout, MP2651GVT-040A-P application, or MP2651GVT-040A-P equivalent, key selection considerations include its 4-cell factory OTP configuration, TQFN-30 package thermal performance (θJA = 38°C/W), I²C-configurable VIN_SRC and IIN_SRC limits, and integrated input OVP/UVLO protection compliant with USB PD 3.0 source mode requirements.

Technical Context

The MP2651 employs a synchronous four-switch buck-boost topology with internal 8mΩ/10mΩ/20mΩ N-channel MOSFETs, enabling seamless transition between buck and boost modes without discontinuity. Its dual-mode operation is managed via I²C registers: charge mode uses SRP/SRN for battery current sensing and BATT for direct cell-stack connection, while source mode regulates IN output voltage (VIN_SRC) and current (IIN_SRC) using FB feedback and ACGATE-driven external pass FET.

Thermal regulation is implemented via configurable die temperature threshold (up to 120°C) and hard thermal shutdown at 150°C, with independent JEITA thresholds set per NTC voltage window (VNTC). The integrated 10-bit ADC monitors VNTC, IMON/TS, and input/battery voltages simultaneously in both modes, feeding real-time data to host controllers through SMBus-compatible I²C interface operating at 10–400kHz.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

MP2651GVT-040A-P is housed in a thermally enhanced TQFN-30 (4mm × 5mm, 0.5mm pitch) package with exposed thermal pad. Pin functions are validated per MP2651 Rev. 1.2 datasheet Figure 4 and Table 1.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar buck-boost charger applications.

Compared with BQ25792RTWR and ISL9241IRZ-T, MP2651GVT-040A-P uniquely combines factory-configured 4S operation, integrated ACGATE, USB PD-compliant source mode, and I²C/SMBus dual-interface support-reducing system-level complexity and enabling true bidirectional power management in space-constrained designs.

Availability

MP2651GVT-040A-P is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power banks, drones, mobile printers, and industrial handheld scanners requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and RoHS-compliant packaging.

Supply support for MP2651GVT-040A-P includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, with over 20 years of expertise in DC/DC conversion, battery management, and motor control solutions.

The MP2651 product line targets portable and USB PD-enabled devices requiring compact, efficient, and intelligent multi-cell battery charging with bidirectional capability-designed specifically for space-constrained, thermally demanding applications like power banks and drones.

FAQ

What does the "-040A" suffix indicate in MP2651GVT-040A-P?

The "-040A" suffix denotes factory-programmed OTP (One-Time Programmable) configuration for 4-cell battery operation, setting default values for VBATT_REG (13.6–18.68V), pre-charge thresholds (2.9–3.1V/cell), and JEITA cold/warm zones. This eliminates host-initiated register writes for basic 4S functionality, accelerating time-to-market.

Can MP2651GVT-040A-P operate without an external NTC thermistor?

Yes-it supports NTC floating detection (VNTC_FLT threshold at 95% of VVNTC) and can be configured to skip temperature monitoring via register REG0Dh. However, JEITA-based charge current derating and thermal regulation require NTC connection; omitting it disables safety-critical thermal protection.

How is reverse source mode enabled and controlled?

Source mode is activated by writing "1" to REG0Ah bit[15]; VIN_SRC is then set via REG09h (4–21V in 20mV steps) and IIN_SRC via REG0Ah (0.9–6A in 50mA steps). The ACGATE pin drives the external pass FET, while FB provides feedback if external regulation is used-otherwise FB is floated.

What is the role of the ADP pin beyond OVP sensing?

ADP serves dual roles: (1) input voltage sense for OVP/UVP lockout (23–24.7V OVLO threshold), and (2) internal bias voltage source for the IC's analog circuitry. If ADP is disconnected, the device loses input protection and may fail to start due to missing bias, even with valid VIN.

Does MP2651GVT-040A-P support USB PD 3.0 Programmable Power Supply (PPS)?

No-while MP2651GVT-040A-P complies with USB PD 3.0 source mode voltage/current ranges (4–21V, up to 6A), it lacks native PPS handshake capability. PPS negotiation must be handled by an external PD controller (e.g., CYPD3177), which then configures MP2651 registers via I²C to match negotiated voltage/current.

How does thermal regulation differ from thermal shutdown?

Thermal regulation (configurable up to 120°C via REG0Fh bits[14:12]) dynamically reduces charge current to maintain die temperature below threshold, preserving operation. Thermal shutdown (150°C, fixed) forces immediate device disablement and requires VIN cycle to recover-acting as last-resort protection against catastrophic overheating.

Is the TQFN-30 package lead-free and RoHS-compliant?

Yes-MP2651GVT-040A-P uses lead-free, halogen-free packaging and fully complies with EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU. The TQFN-30 package meets MSL Level 1 (unlimited floor life at ≤30°C/85% RH) and supports standard reflow profiles per J-STD-020.