Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2651GVT-040A-Z

Overview

MP2651GVT-040A-Z from Monolithic Power Systems is an I²C-controlled buck-boost battery charger IC optimized for 4-cell Li-ion/Li-polymer series battery packs (up to 18.68V). It supports 4V–22V input, delivers up to 6A charge current with ±0.5% voltage regulation accuracy, and enables bidirectional operation with USB PD 3.0-compliant source mode (4V–21V, up to 6A output). It is deployed in high-density portable power systems requiring adaptive charging and reverse power delivery.

For engineers reviewing the MP2651GVT-040A-Z datasheet, MP2651GVT-040A-Z pinout, MP2651GVT-040A-Z application, or MP2651GVT-040A-Z equivalent, key selection criteria include its 4-cell factory OTP configuration, TQFN-30 package thermal performance (θJA = 38°C/W), integrated 10-bit ADC for real-time current/temperature monitoring, and configurable JEITA-compliant battery temperature protection across cold/cool/warm/hot thresholds.

Technical Context

The MP2651 implements a synchronous 4-switch buck-boost topology with independent gate drivers for Q1–Q4 MOSFETs, enabling seamless transition between buck and boost modes without discontinuity. Its dual-mode operation is managed via register-controlled state machines: charge mode executes trickle/pre-fast/constant-voltage phases with auto-recharge, while source mode regulates IN output voltage (VIN_SRC) and current (IIN_SRC) using feedback on the FB pin or internal DAC.

Control is fully I²C/SMBus-based (10–400 kHz), supporting dynamic reconfiguration of critical parameters-including input current limit (IIN), minimum VIN clamp, battery full voltage (up to 4.67V/cell), source output voltage (20mV/step), and source current (50mA/step)-without hardware changes. Safety is enforced by per-pin OVP/UVP monitors (ADP, VIN, BATT, VIN_SRC), thermal regulation (configurable 120°C threshold), and battery missing/NTC floating detection.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

TQFN-30 (4mm × 5mm) package with exposed thermal pad (PGND-connected) for enhanced thermal dissipation (θJC = 8°C/W). Pin 1 marked by dot; top marking includes MPS prefix, year/week code, and lot number.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar buck-boost charger applications.

Compared with BQ25792RTWR and ISL9241IRZ-T, MP2651GVT-040A-Z delivers superior thermal management (θJA = 38°C/W vs. ≥45°C/W), finer source voltage resolution (20mV vs. 50mV step), and factory-optimized 4-cell configuration-reducing design validation time by eliminating OTP register programming for target battery count.

Availability

MP2651GVT-040A-Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for power banks, wireless speakers, drones, and mobile printers requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and RoHS-compliant packaging.

Supply support for MP2651GVT-040A-Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, with over 20 years of expertise in DC/DC conversion, battery management, and motor control solutions.

The MP2651 belongs to MPS's high-integration battery charger product line, designed specifically for portable electronics demanding bidirectional power flow, USB PD compliance, and robust thermal/safety protection in ultra-compact form factors.

FAQ

What does the "-040A" suffix indicate in MP2651GVT-040A-Z?

The "-040A" suffix denotes the factory-programmed OTP (one-time programmable) configuration for 4-cell battery applications. This sets default register values for 4S battery voltage range (13.6V–18.68V), pre-charge threshold (3.1–3.3V/cell), and JEITA temperature thresholds-eliminating the need for initial I²C configuration during power-up.

Can MP2651GVT-040A-Z operate without an external NTC thermistor?

Yes. The device detects NTC pin floating (VNTC_FLT threshold at 95% of VVNTC) and disables JEITA protection if no thermistor is connected. Battery temperature monitoring remains functional only when a valid NTC is present and biased via VNTC; otherwise, thermal regulation relies solely on die temperature sensing via TS/IMON.

How is source mode output voltage (VIN_SRC) configured?

VIN_SRC is set via REG09h[9:0], offering 1024 discrete steps from 4V to 21V (20mV/step). When FB pin is used for feedback, external resistive divider is required; when register-based regulation is selected, FB is floated or tied to AGND, and internal DAC generates reference.

What protections activate during input overvoltage events?

ADP pin OVLO (23–24.7V) triggers immediate shutdown of power stage and ACGATE driver. Input OVP (VIN_OVP) thresholds are separately configurable (6.9–23.15V) and include 15ms deglitch for transient immunity. Both protections disable switching and assert INT pin low.

Does MP2651GVT-040A-Z support charging dead batteries?

Yes. It includes a configurable timer (1.8–2.2 hours) for trickle charge phase and a 2V/cell UV threshold (VBATT_TC) to initiate recovery charging. If battery voltage remains below 2.5V/cell after timer expiry, charge terminates and FAULT bit is set in status register.

What is the role of the ACGATE pin in system-level OVP?

ACGATE drives the gate of an external N-channel MOSFET placed in series with the input path. During ADP or VIN overvoltage, ACGATE pulls low to disconnect input power before internal power stage shutdown-providing fail-safe input isolation beyond internal OVP response time.

How does thermal regulation differ from thermal shutdown?

Thermal regulation (configurable up to 120°C) linearly reduces charge current to maintain die temperature; thermal shutdown (fixed 150°C) forces complete power stage disable with 20°C hysteresis. Regulation preserves partial functionality; shutdown requires manual reset or VIN cycle.