Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MP2790DFP-0002-T

Overview

MP2790DFP-0002-T from Monolithic Power Systems is a 4- to 10-cell battery monitor and protector IC with dual ADC architecture, ±2% SOC error (when paired with MPF4279x fuel gauge), <5mV cell voltage measurement error, and configurable high-side CHG/DSG MOSFET drivers for e-bike and power tool BMS applications.

For engineers reviewing the MP2790DFP-0002-T datasheet, MP2790DFP-0002-T pinout, MP2790DFP-0002-T application, or MP2790DFP-0002-T equivalent, this device delivers synchronized voltage/current sampling for impedance sensing, hardware-configurable protection thresholds, passive balancing up to 58mA, SPI interface support, and TQFP-48 packaging for high-voltage battery stack monitoring.

Technical Context

The MP2790 integrates two independent ADCs: one measures up to 10 differential cell voltages, die temperature, and four external NTC thermistors; the other measures current via an external sense resistor, enabling strictly synchronous acquisition for real-time cell impedance analysis. It supports 10V–47V TOP voltage range and tolerates up to +90V on CHG/DSG pins.

Its high-side N-channel MOSFET drivers deliver 100A DC capability with parallel FET support, soft-start discharge control to eliminate pre-charge circuits, and independent charge/discharge protection logic with configurable OV/UV/OT/UT/SC/OC thresholds. Internal passive balancing MOSFETs (R_DS(ON) = 15–50Ω) support automatic/manual cell equalization.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

TQFP-48 (7mm × 7mm) package with exposed thermal pad; pin 1 marked by dot; RoHS-compliant, lead-free, halogen-free construction.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar battery monitor and protector applications.

Compared with BQ7695200RSMR and ISL94203RTZ-T7A, MP2790DFP-0002-T uniquely combines SPI interface, on-die LDOs, 58mA passive balancing, and GPIOHV support in a single TQFP-48 package - making it optimal for cost-sensitive, space-constrained 4S–10S portable power tools and e-mobility systems requiring rapid hardware fault response.

Availability

MP2790DFP-0002-T is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for e-bikes, cordless power tools, and light electric vehicles requiring stable component supply, long-lifecycle support, and consistent parametric performance across production batches.

Supply support for MP2790DFP-0002-T includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, with design centers in the US, China, and Taiwan, and global manufacturing partnerships.

The MP2790 belongs to MPS's battery management AFE product line, engineered specifically for high-accuracy, high-reliability monitoring and protection of multi-cell lithium-based battery packs in consumer and industrial mobility applications.

FAQ

What communication protocol does MP2790DFP-0002-T support?

This variant is factory-configured for SPI interface with 8-bit CRC error checking, using SCL/SCK as clock, SDA/SDI as data input, SDO as data output, and GPIO3/nCS as chip select. I²C operation requires MP2790DFP-0000-T; configuration is fixed per part number and not software-reconfigurable.

Does MP2790DFP-0002-T include internal balancing transistors?

Yes - it integrates on-die N-channel MOSFETs for passive cell balancing, rated for up to 58mA per cell at 25°C with R_DS(ON) of 15–50Ω across −40°C to +85°C. External balancing transistors can also be driven via dedicated gate outputs for higher current or active balancing topologies.

How does the MP2790 handle over-current protection timing?

Discharge short-circuit detection responds in as little as 120µs with deglitch enabled; over-current thresholds are configurable in two full-scale ranges (1× and 3×) with ±15% accuracy across temperature. Both CHG and DSG paths have independent OC logic with user-defined delay and auto-recovery settings.

Can MP2790DFP-0002-T operate without an external microcontroller?

No - it functions as an analog front-end only and requires a host MCU to configure registers, interpret ADC results, manage protection states, and execute balancing commands. All protections are hardware-enforced, but threshold values, enable bits, and balancing control must be initialized via SPI.

What is the maximum allowable voltage on the TOP pin?

The absolute maximum rating for TOP to AGND is +75V, but the recommended operating range is 10V to 47V. Operation above 47V risks exceeding specified accuracy and thermal limits; sustained voltage >47V may trigger UVLO hysteresis or damage internal regulators if REGIN is improperly decoupled.

Is the MP2790DFP-0002-T pin-compatible with other MP2790 variants?

Yes - all MP2790DFP-x variants share identical TQFP-48 pinout and electrical characteristics; only register defaults (e.g., SPI vs. I²C mode, default protection thresholds) differ. No PCB change is required when switching between -0000 and -0002 configurations.

Does the device support random cell connection topology?

Yes - the MP2790 supports arbitrary physical ordering of cell taps (e.g., C0–C10 need not follow mechanical stack sequence), allowing flexible PCB layout and simplified assembly for irregular pack geometries without sacrificing measurement integrity or protection coverage.