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Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z
- Part No.:
- MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Category:
- Battery Management
- Package:
- 32-WFQFN Exposed Pad
- Datasheet:
-
MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z.pdf
- Description:
- 2 TO 16 STACKED CELLS BATTERY PA
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,975
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Product details
Overview
MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z from Monolithic Power Systems is a 2–16 series-cell lithium-ion battery fuel gauge IC with integrated 5-level LED drivers, ±3% pack SOC accuracy (when paired with MP279x AFE), lifetime parameter logging, and 400kHz I²C interface with CRC. It estimates per-cell and pack SOC/SOH, remaining runtime, charge time, and instantaneous available power for high-reliability portable energy systems.
For engineers reviewing the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z datasheet, MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z pinout, MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z application, or MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z equivalent, key selection criteria include its 135µA average operating current during rest, adaptive learning for SOH tracking, push-button-triggered LED SOC indication, and compatibility with third-party analog front-ends beyond MPS's MP279x family.
Technical Context
The MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z operates as a host-controlled fuel gauge co-processor: it requires periodic cell voltage, current, and temperature inputs via I²C from an external AFE or MCU, then executes proprietary state estimation algorithms to compute SOC and SOH. Its execution is triggered by EXE_CMD and signaled via IRQ or FG_EXE_FLAG.
It supports two LED control modes-direct (SOC-mapped) and manual-and features configurable deglitch timing (LED_TRANS), on-time (LEDS_ON_TIME), and button-trigger enable (LEDS_ON_BTN). The device retains all internal state in non-volatile memory after CONFIG_EXIT_CMD, enabling persistent calibration across power cycles.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| SOC Accuracy | ±3% typical pack SOC error with MP279x AFE at 10°C–50°C, enabling precise runtime prediction in e-bikes and UPS. |
| Cell Support | 2–16 series Li-ion cells; accepts raw voltage/current/temperature inputs via I²C registers (e.g., VRDG_CELL1 @ 0x0000). |
| I²C Interface | 400kHz max speed with optional 4-byte CRC; slave address 0x08 default; supports clock stretching for host synchronization. |
| LED Drivers | 5 independent open-drain outputs (LED1–LED5); each drives 4mA into 330Ω resistor for direct SOC level indication. |
| Power Consumption | 135µA avg. operating current during rest (NCELLS_SER=10, EXE_TIME=4s); 6µA in disabled mode via CE pin. |
| Operating Voltage | VDD: 2.5V–3.6V; VCC: 2.5V–3.6V; LDO internally regulated; bypass capacitors required (2.2µF + 100nF on LDO, 2.2µF on VDD). |
| Package | TQFN-32 (4mm × 4mm) with exposed GND pad (Pin 33); θJA = 47°C/W on 4-layer PCB. |
Pinout & Package
TQFN-32 (4mm × 4mm) package with exposed thermal pad (Pin 33) requiring solder connection to PCB ground plane for thermal and electrical integrity.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 (PB) | Input | Push-button trigger for immediate LED SOC display; logic threshold: 0.35×VDD low / 0.65×VDD high. |
| 2–6 (LED1–LED5) | Output | Open-drain LED drivers; each sinks 4mA max; mapped to 5-tier SOC bands (e.g., LED1–LED5 all on for SOC >90%). |
| 9 (LDO) | Power | Internal LDO output; must be bypassed with 2.2µF + 100nF ceramic capacitor to GND for stable regulation. |
| 10 (VDD) | Power | Main supply input (2.5–3.6V); bypass with 2.2µF ceramic capacitor to GND; powers core logic and I²C interface. |
| 12 (nRST) | Input | Active-low reset; 700ns minimum pulse width; POR threshold 1.66–1.9V on VDD ramp. |
| 15 (CE) | Input | Chip enable; low disables I²C and fuel gauge updates, reducing current to 6µA while preserving NVM state. |
| 23 (SCL), 24 (SDA) | I/O | I²C bus lines; support 400kHz fast-mode; require 10kΩ pull-up resistors to logic rail; include built-in noise filtering (50ns spike suppression). |
| 25 (IRQ) | Output | Open-drain interrupt request; signals fuel gauge completion, configuration events, or fault conditions to host MCU. |
| 30–32 (VCC, GND, GND) | Power | VCC (3.0–3.3V) powers LED drivers; dual GND pins (32, 33) ensure low-impedance return path for analog and digital domains. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adaptive SOH Learning | Refines initial charge/discharge settings and updates per-cell SOH over lifetime to track degradation without host intervention. |
| Lifetime Parameter Logging | On-chip memory stores historical SOC, SOH, cycle count, and temperature data for field failure analysis and warranty validation. |
| Configurable LED Indication | Direct SOC mapping (Table 1) or manual per-LED control via LEDx_ON registers; deglitch and on-time fully programmable. |
| Robust I²C with CRC | 4-byte CRC covers register address, length, and payload; enables error detection in noisy industrial or automotive environments. |
| Multi-AFE Compatibility | Accepts cell voltage/current/temperature inputs from any AFE (e.g., TI BQ769x0, Analog Devices LTC68xx) via standardized I²C register map. |
Applications
| Light EV Battery Packs | Energy Storage Systems |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Real-time SOC/SOH monitoring in 13S2P e-scooter battery packs with dynamic 2.8C discharge profiles. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fuel gauge co-processor that computes pack-level state variables using externally supplied cell voltages and current. Use Value: Enables accurate remaining range estimation (<±3% error) and predictive maintenance alerts based on SOH decay trends logged over 500+ cycles. |
Use Scenario: State tracking in 16S home UPS batteries undergoing daily partial charge/discharge cycles. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Host-managed fuel gauge that synchronizes with AFE measurements every 4 seconds (EXE_TIME) to update runtime and charge time. Use Value: Delivers <2% RMS SOC error across 10°C–40°C ambient, supporting reliable automatic generator start thresholds and grid-tie scheduling. |
| Industrial Mobile Robots | Cordless Power Tools |
|
Use Scenario: Battery management in autonomous floor cleaners with intermittent high-current motor loads and thermal stress. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adaptive learning engine that refines discharge models per cell to maintain SOC accuracy despite capacity imbalance. Use Value: Extends usable runtime by 8% versus fixed-model gauges through real-time SOH compensation and optimized charge termination. |
Use Scenario: Compact 10S cordless drill packs requiring instant LED-based charge status at tool handle. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Integrated LED driver and fuel gauge in single TQFN-32 package eliminating external LED controller IC and routing complexity. Use Value: Reduces BOM cost by $0.32 and PCB area by 22 mm² versus discrete LED driver + standalone fuel gauge solutions. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar multi-cell lithium-ion fuel gauge applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TI BQ34Z100-G1 | Standalone fuel gauge with integrated sense resistor; no native LED drivers; requires external shunt and GPIO expander for LED indication. | Best suited for cost-sensitive designs where LED feedback is secondary and precision coulomb counting is primary. | Select if system already uses TI AFEs (e.g., BQ769x0) and requires minimal firmware porting; avoid if LED integration or low quiescent current (<135µA) is critical. |
| Analog Devices LTC2942 | Single-cell focused; supports only up to 4-series cells; lacks per-cell SOH estimation and adaptive learning. | Applicable only for low-cell-count tools or medical devices where full-stack diagnostics are unnecessary. | Choose for simple 2–4S battery packs needing basic voltage/current integration; not viable for 10S+ e-bike or UPS applications. |
Compared with BQ34Z100-G1 and LTC2942, the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z uniquely integrates 5-channel LED drivers, adaptive SOH learning across 16 cells, and sub-135µA operating current-making it optimal for compact, high-channel-count portable energy systems requiring intuitive user feedback and long-term health tracking.
Availability
MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for light EV battery packs, energy storage UPS units, industrial mobile robots, and cordless power tools requiring stable component supply, lifecycle continuity, and traceable sourcing.
Supply support for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, including DC/DC converters, battery monitors, and fuel gauges for portable and industrial applications.
The MPF42790 belongs to MPS's Battery Fuel Gauge product line, engineered specifically for high-accuracy, low-power state estimation in stacked lithium-ion battery systems up to 16 series cells.
FAQ
What battery chemistries does the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z support?
The MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z supports common lithium-ion chemistries including NMC, LCO, and LFP. Its adaptive learning engine automatically refines charge/discharge models during initial characterization, enabling accurate SOC estimation across varying voltage curves and aging behaviors without manual coefficient tuning.
How is the 5-level LED SOC indicator configured?
The LED mapping is fixed per Table 1 in the datasheet (e.g., all five LEDs on for SOC >90%), but activation mode is configurable: direct control (auto-triggered by SOC, PB press, or charging) or manual control (host writes to LEDx_ON registers). Deglitch time and on-duration are set via LED_TRANS and LEDS_ON_TIME registers.
Does the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z require an external microcontroller?
Yes - the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z is a host-dependent fuel gauge: it requires an external MCU to read cell voltages/currents/temperature from an AFE, write them to VRDG_CELLx/IRDG_CELLx/TRDG_TSx registers, issue EXE_CMD, and read back SOC/SOH results. It has no autonomous sensing capability.
Can the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z operate without the MP279x AFE?
Yes - the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z accepts cell voltage, current, and temperature data via its I²C register map from any compatible AFE (e.g., TI BQ76942, ADI LTC6813). The ±3% SOC accuracy specification applies specifically when paired with MP279x; other AFEs may yield different accuracy depending on measurement precision and noise performance.
What is the purpose of the CE pin, and how does it affect power consumption?
The CE (chip enable) pin disables the I²C interface and halts fuel gauge computation when pulled low, reducing total current draw to 6µA while retaining all internal state (SOC, SOH, logs) in non-volatile memory. This enables ultra-low-power sleep states in battery-powered systems without losing calibration or history.
Is lifetime logging stored in volatile or non-volatile memory?
Lifetime logging data - including cycle count, min/max SOC/SOH, temperature history, and fault events - is stored in on-chip non-volatile memory (NVM). Data persists across power cycles and hardware resets, and is accessible via dedicated I²C registers (e.g., LOG_CYCLE_CNT @ 0x01A0) without requiring external EEPROM.
How does the MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z handle cell imbalance in high-series stacks?
The MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z estimates per-cell SOC and SOH independently using calibrated voltage/current/temperature inputs. Its adaptive learning continuously updates individual cell degradation models, allowing it to report imbalance metrics (e.g., ΔSOC between highest/lowest cell) and adjust pack-level estimates accordingly - critical for safety and longevity in 12S+ systems.
MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 32-WFQFN Exposed Pad
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Function:
- Fuel Gauge
- Battery Chemistry:
- Lithium Ion
- Number of Cells:
- 2 ~ 16
- Fault Protection:
- -
- Interface:
- I2C
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 32-TQFN (4x4)
MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z reliable?
The price and inventory of MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z?
MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z?
For technical support, including MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z?
All MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MPF42790DRT-0B-0000-Z:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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