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Monolithic Power Systems Inc. MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z
- Part No.:
- MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Category:
- LED Drivers
- Package:
- 19-PowerVFQFN
- Datasheet:
-
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z.pdf
- Description:
- MPSAFETM 42V, 3A BUCK OR 2.4A BU
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:5,000
Please send an inquiry. Send us your inquiry, and we will respond immediately.
Product details
Overview
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z from Monolithic Power Systems is an AEC-Q100 Grade 1 qualified, fixed-frequency synchronous IR LED driver configurable as buck (3A peak) or buck-boost (2.4A peak), featuring integrated 44mΩ/40mΩ MOSFETs, 3ms factory-trimmed dimming on-time limit for ASIL compliance, and 2.4MHz/1.25MHz switching with frequency spread spectrum. It operates from 6V–42V input and drives one or two IR LEDs in automotive DMS and camera illumination systems.
For engineers reviewing the MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z datasheet, MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z pinout, MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z application, or MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z equivalent, key selection criteria include its dual-mode topology support, eye-safety current/duration limits, thermal derating via NTC, fault reporting on open/short LED conditions, and QFN-19 wettable flank package for automotive-grade reflow inspection.
Technical Context
The MPQ7231 employs constant-frequency hysteretic control-enabling sub-100ns transient response without loop compensation-and integrates dedicated hardware for PWM dimming with programmable on-time limits (1ms/3ms/5ms) to meet IEC 62471 and ISO 26262 ASIL-B functional safety requirements. Its dual-mode operation is selected by resistor value at IREF (≤9.09kΩ for buck-boost, ≥14.7kΩ for buck).
It implements full protection stack: LED short-to-battery/ground detection, open-LED fault latching, over-current protection with latch, thermal derating via external NTC network, and thermal shutdown at 155°C–185°C. The FAULT pin provides open-drain indication with internal 300kΩ pull-up to VIN and 4MΩ pull-down to INGND.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Topology | Buck (3A peak) or buck-boost (2.4A peak) - selectable via IREF resistor; supports wide VIN range while maintaining stable LED current under varying battery conditions. |
| Input Voltage Range | 6V to 42V - covers automotive 12V/24V systems including load dump transients up to 42V. |
| Dimming On-Time Limit | 3ms (factory-trimmed for MPQ7231GLE-D30) - enforces eye safety compliance per ASIL requirements without software intervention. |
| Switching Frequency | 2.4MHz (buck) or 1.25MHz (buck-boost) with ±10% FSS - reduces EMI peaks and eases filtering for CISPR25 Class 5 radiated/conducted emissions compliance. |
| MOSFET RDS(ON) | 44mΩ HS-FET / 40mΩ LS-FET - minimizes conduction loss, enabling >90% efficiency at 3A with two 3V IR LEDs and reducing thermal stress vs. diode-based solutions. |
| Package | QFN-19 (3mm × 4mm) with wettable flanks - supports automated optical inspection (AOI) of solder joints in automotive production. |
| AEC-Q100 Grade | Grade 1 (−40°C to +125°C TA, −40°C to +150°C TJ) - qualified for engine bay–adjacent placement in ADAS and cabin monitoring systems. |
Pinout & Package
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z uses a QFN-19 (3mm × 4mm) package with wettable flanks for enhanced solder joint reliability and AOI compatibility in automotive manufacturing.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 NTC | Remote temperature sense input | Connects to NTC network for thermal derating; fault-protected against short-to-PGND or short-to-AGND. |
| 2 NC | No-connect terminal | Must be externally tied to PGND on PCB to minimize noise coupling and ensure thermal path integrity. |
| 3 EN | Enable control input | Pull ≥1V to enable; <0.9V to shut down; internal pull-down ensures default-off state for fail-safe startup. |
| 4,13 VIN | Main power input | Accepts 6V–42V; requires low-ESR input capacitor and wide PCB trace to handle peak currents and reduce voltage ripple. |
| 5,6,11,12 PGND | Power ground reference | Shared return for high-current paths (HS/LS FETs, SW node); must be low-inductance copper pour connected to thermal pad. |
| 7 BST | Bootstrap supply node | Connects BST–SW capacitor to drive HS-FET gate; series resistor reduces SW ringing and improves EMI performance. |
| 8,9 SW | Switch node | Drives external inductor; small-area, wide-trace layout minimizes parasitic inductance and radiated noise. |
| 10 FAULT | Open-drain fault indicator | Asserts low on LED short/battery, LED open, OCP latch, or thermal shutdown; internal 300kΩ pull-up to VIN enables direct MCU GPIO monitoring. |
| 14 INGND | Buck-boost topology ground | Isolated ground for DIM/EN/FAULT in buck-boost mode; connect to PGND/AGND only in buck configuration. |
| 15 AGND | Analog reference ground | Reference for ISET/IREF/NTC circuits; must be connected to PGND via dedicated low-noise trace to avoid ground bounce. |
| 16 VCC | Internal bias supply | Requires ≥10µF X7R ceramic decoupling close to pin; powers gate drivers and control logic; UVLO thresholds at 4.4V/3.4V. |
| 17 IREF | Mode selection & reference current | Resistor value selects topology (≤9.09kΩ → buck-boost; ≥14.7kΩ → buck); also sets NTC current scaling (5× or 50× IREF). |
| 18 ISET | LED current programming | External resistor to ground sets average LED current; fault-latches if shorted/open; VISET = 0.573–0.606V at 45μA. |
| 19 DIM | PWM dimming input | Accepts 10Hz–2kHz PWM signal; rising edge >1V enables dimming; minimum on-time enforced (3ms for D30 variant) for eye safety. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Integrated current-sense resistor | Eliminates external sense resistor, reducing BOM count and board space while maintaining ±5% LED current accuracy across temperature. |
| Dual-mode topology selection | Hardware-configurable via single IREF resistor - avoids firmware dependency and enables robust operation in safety-critical environments. |
| Factory-trimmed dimming on-time | 3ms limit (D30 variant) is laser-trimmed and non-volatile - ensures repeatable eye-safety compliance without calibration or trimming during production. |
| Thermal derating via NTC | Configurable derating curve using external NTC network - allows precise junction temperature tracking and graceful current reduction before thermal shutdown. |
| Wettable flank QFN-19 package | Enables automated optical inspection of solder fillets - critical for zero-defect automotive manufacturing and long-term field reliability. |
Applications
| Driver Monitoring Systems (DMS) | IR Illumination for Automotive Cameras |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Real-time cabin occupancy and driver attention monitoring using near-IR illumination in low-light conditions. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Synchronous IR LED driver delivering precisely timed 3ms pulses at 60fps/120fps to synchronize with image sensor exposure. Use Value: Factory-trimmed 3ms on-time ensures consistent radiant exposure per frame, meeting IEC 62471 photobiological safety limits without software overhead. |
Use Scenario: Night-vision enhancement for front/rear-view cameras in ADAS applications under 0.1 lux ambient light. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-efficiency buck-mode driver powering two-series 3V IR LEDs at 3A peak with minimal thermal rise in compact headlamp modules. Use Value: 44mΩ/40mΩ MOSFETs and 2.4MHz switching reduce system power loss by ~10× versus Schottky-diode alternatives, enabling smaller heatsinks and longer LED lifetime. |
| Surveillance Systems | Automotive In-Cabin Gesture Recognition |
Use Scenario: Outdoor security cameras requiring reliable IR illumination across −40°C to +85°C ambient with battery backup. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Buck-boost mode driver maintaining constant 2.4A LED current despite 9V–36V input variation from aging batteries or solar chargers. Use Value: Wide 6V–42V input range and buck-boost topology eliminate need for pre-regulators, simplifying power architecture and improving end-to-end efficiency. |
Use Scenario: Short-range hand-gesture sensing using structured IR light patterns projected onto driver's hands. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fast-transient hysteretic controller enabling microsecond-level LED turn-on/off for time-of-flight (ToF) pulse shaping. Use Value: Constant-frequency hysteretic control delivers <100ns response to DIM transitions - critical for accurate ToF depth mapping without loop compensation complexity. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar IR LED driver applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MPQ7231GLE-D10-AEC1-Z | 1ms factory-trimmed dimming on-time limit instead of 3ms | Suitable for ultra-low-duty-cycle applications requiring tighter radiant exposure control (e.g., high-speed gesture capture) | Select when ASIL-B mandates shorter maximum exposure duration than 3ms permits. |
| MPQ7231GLE-D50-AEC1-Z | 5ms factory-trimmed dimming on-time limit instead of 3ms | Optimized for low-frame-rate illumination where higher radiant flux per pulse is acceptable (e.g., static cabin monitoring) | Select when system-level thermal budget allows longer on-time and higher peak irradiance. |
Compared with MPQ7231GLE-D10-AEC1-Z and MPQ7231GLE-D50-AEC1-Z, the MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z offers the median 3ms dimming limit-balancing radiant efficiency, thermal management, and ASIL-B compliance for mainstream DMS and camera illumination use cases without requiring design revalidation.
Availability
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive Driver Monitoring Systems (DMS), IR camera illumination, and in-cabin surveillance applications requiring stable component supply, AEC-Q100 Grade 1 qualification, and functional safety–ready dimming timing.
Supply support for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Monolithic Power Systems (MPS) is a fabless semiconductor company specializing in high-performance power management ICs, with core expertise in DC/DC conversion, LED drivers, and motor control solutions for automotive, industrial, and consumer markets.
The MPQ7231 belongs to MPS's MPSafe™ functional safety product line, designed specifically for ASIL-B–compliant automotive lighting and sensing systems requiring hardware-enforced eye safety, fault reporting, and thermal resilience.
FAQ
What is the purpose of the IREF pin, and how does it affect topology selection?
The IREF pin sets both the operating topology (buck or buck-boost) and scales the NTC current. A resistor ≤9.09kΩ selects buck-boost mode with 5× IREF NTC current; ≥14.7kΩ selects buck mode with 50× IREF NTC current. This hardware-based selection eliminates firmware dependencies and ensures deterministic behavior during power-up and fault recovery.
How does the 3ms dimming on-time limit differ from programmable solutions?
The 3ms limit in MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z is factory-laser-trimmed and non-volatile-guaranteeing consistent, unalterable timing across temperature, voltage, and lifetime. Unlike software-configurable timers, it requires no calibration, resists bit corruption, and satisfies ASIL-B evidence requirements for independent hardware safety mechanisms.
Can the MPQ7231 operate in buck mode with input voltage below 14.7V?
Yes. Buck mode is supported across the full 6V–42V input range. The ≥14.7kΩ IREF resistor threshold defines topology selection-not minimum operating voltage. At low VIN (e.g., 6.5V), the device maintains regulation via duty cycle extension up to 98%, provided output voltage remains within safe LED forward voltage margins.
What protections are active during thermal derating?
During NTC-based thermal derating, LED current is progressively reduced as junction temperature rises-but all fault protections remain fully active: LED open/short detection, over-current latching, and thermal shutdown at 155°C–185°C. Derating is a graceful performance reduction, not a fault condition.
Why does the FAULT pin use an internal 300kΩ pull-up to VIN instead of VCC?
The VIN-referenced pull-up ensures FAULT remains assertable even if VCC regulation fails or drops below UVLO. Since FAULT signals critical failures (LED short, open, OCP, thermal), tying the pull-up to the main input rail guarantees visibility across the entire operational input range, supporting ISO 26262 diagnostic coverage requirements.
Is the QFN-19 wettable flank feature required for automotive assembly?
Yes. Wettable flanks enable automated optical inspection (AOI) of solder fillets beneath the package-mandatory for zero-defect automotive manufacturing per IATF 16949. Standard QFN packages without this feature cannot be reliably inspected, increasing field failure risk in vibration-prone environments.
How does frequency spread spectrum (FSS) improve EMC without affecting regulation?
FSS modulates switching frequency by ±10% around 2.4MHz (buck) or 1.25MHz (buck-boost) at 15kHz rate-smearing EMI energy across a bandwidth rather than concentrating it at harmonics. Regulation remains unaffected because hysteretic control responds instantaneously to output deviations, independent of clock jitter.
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Monolithic Power Systems Inc.
- Series:
- MPSafe™
- Package/Case:
- 19-PowerVFQFN
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Type:
- DC DC Regulator
- Topology:
- Step-Down (Buck), Step-Up (Boost)
- Internal Switch(s):
- Yes
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Supply (Min):
- 6V
- Voltage - Supply (Max):
- 42V
- Voltage - Output:
- -
- Current - Output / Channel:
- 2.4A, 3A
- Frequency:
- 1.25MHz, 2.4MHz
- Dimming:
- Analog, PWM
- Applications:
- General Purpose
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- Automotive
- Qualification:
- AEC-Q100
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount, Wettable Flank
- Supplier Device Package:
- 19-QFN (3x4)
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z reliable?
The price and inventory of MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z?
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z?
For technical support, including MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z?
All MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
MPQ7231GLE-D30-AEC1-Z Tags
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