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onsemi MPS650ZL1
- Part No.:
- MPS650ZL1
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Category:
- Single Bipolar Transistors
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 Long Body, Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
MPS650ZL1.pdf
- Description:
- TRANS NPN 40V 2A TO92
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,598
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Product details
Overview
MPS650ZL1 from onsemi is an NPN general-purpose amplifier transistor in TO-92 package, rated for 40 VCEO, 2.0 A continuous collector current, and 625 mW power dissipation at TA = 25°C. It delivers hFE ≥ 75 at IC = 50 mA and supports linear amplification and switching in low-voltage power control circuits.
For engineers reviewing the MPS650ZL1 datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include VCEO/IC rating alignment, DC gain stability across temperature, saturation voltage at high drive current, thermal resistance (RJA = 200°C/W), and TO-92 mechanical compatibility with legacy through-hole layouts.
Technical Context
The MPS650ZL1 operates as a silicon NPN bipolar junction transistor optimized for medium-current linear amplification and saturated switching. Its design targets stable hFE over −55°C to +150°C junction temperature and low VCE(sat) ≤ 0.5 V at IC = 2.0 A / IB = 200 mA.
It features VBRCEO = 40 V, VBRCBO = 60 V, and VBREBO = 5.0 V, with cutoff currents ICBO ≤ 0.1 A and IEBO ≤ 0.1 A. Small-signal fT is specified at 75 MHz under IC = 50 mA, VCE = 5.0 V conditions.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VCEO | 40 V - Maximum safe collector-emitter voltage before breakdown under open-base condition |
| IC (continuous) | 2.0 A - Sustained collector current capability without thermal derating at 25°C ambient |
| PD @ TA = 25°C | 625 mW - Power dissipation limit with natural convection cooling; derates 5.0 mW/°C above 25°C |
| hFE | ≥ 75 - Minimum DC current gain at IC = 50 mA, VCE = 2.0 V, ensuring reliable base drive sizing |
| VCE(sat) | ≤ 0.5 V - Collector-emitter voltage drop in hard saturation at IC = 2.0 A / IB = 200 mA |
| fT | 75 MHz - Transition frequency defining usable bandwidth for small-signal amplification |
| RJA | 200°C/W - Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance; determines temperature rise per watt dissipated |
Pinout & Package
Package: TO-92 (Case 29−11), molded plastic with 3 leads, lead spacing 0.1 inch (2.54 mm), body height ≤ 0.205 inch (5.20 mm).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Emitter | Current exit terminal; connected to lowest potential node in common-emitter configuration |
| 2 | Base | Control terminal; requires ~1.0 V forward bias (VBE(on)) to initiate conduction |
| 3 | Collector | Current entry terminal; handles full load current and dissipates majority of power in switching mode |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| NPN silicon BJT architecture | Enables predictable current-controlled gain and compatibility with standard TTL/CMOS driver levels |
| TO-92 through-hole package | Supports manual assembly, prototyping, and legacy board designs requiring axial leaded components |
| Wide operating temperature range | −55°C to +150°C junction operation enables use in industrial and automotive under-hood environments |
| Low VCE(sat) at high current | Reduces conduction losses in switching applications such as relay drivers and motor controls |
| Pb-free variant available | MPS650ZL1G meets RoHS compliance requirements without sacrificing electrical performance |
Applications
| Relay Driver Circuit | DC Motor Speed Control |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Driving 12 V, 500 mA electromagnetic relays in PLC I/O modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: NPN switch amplifying microcontroller GPIO output to energize relay coil. Use Value: VCE(sat) ≤ 0.5 V minimizes coil voltage drop; hFE ≥ 75 ensures <200 mA base drive suffices for full saturation. | Use Scenario: PWM-based speed regulation of small brushed DC motors in HVAC actuators. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-side switching element controlled by MCU PWM signal. Use Value: 2.0 A IC rating supports peak stall currents; RJA = 200°C/W allows thermal management with minimal heatsinking. |
| Linear Voltage Regulator Pass Element | Audio Pre-amplifier Stage |
Use Scenario: Series pass transistor in adjustable 5–12 V linear regulators for sensor signal conditioning. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Current-controlled active element regulating output voltage via feedback loop. Use Value: Stable hFE across temperature ensures consistent loop gain; 40 V VCEO accommodates input headroom up to 35 V. | Use Scenario: First-stage small-signal amplification in battery-powered microphone preamps. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Common-emitter voltage amplifier with emitter degeneration for gain stability. Use Value: 75 MHz fT supports audio bandwidth up to 20 kHz with margin; low noise characteristics suitable for low-level analog signals. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN amplifier transistor applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MPS650RLRA | Same die, TO-92 tape-and-reel packaging (2000 pcs), no "ZL1" ammunition packaging | Designed for automated SMT placement rather than manual or selective soldering | Select MPS650RLRA for high-volume pick-and-place assembly; MPS650ZL1 suits hand-soldered prototypes or low-volume repair kits |
| MPS651 | Higher VCEO = 60 V, same TO-92 package and pinout, identical hFE/VCE(sat) specs | Preferred for 24 V systems or designs requiring higher voltage margin | Choose MPS651 when system supply exceeds 40 V or long-term reliability demands extended breakdown margin |
Compared with MPS650ZL1, MPS650RLRA offers identical electrical performance but different packaging logistics, while MPS651 provides higher voltage robustness without altering footprint or drive requirements-enabling direct upgrade in 24 V applications without layout changes.
Availability
MPS650ZL1 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for relay drivers, DC motor controls, linear regulator pass elements, and audio pre-amplifiers requiring stable component supply and TO-92 through-hole compatibility.
Supply support for MPS650ZL1 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
onsemi (formerly ON Semiconductor) is a global semiconductor supplier specializing in energy-efficient power management, analog, sensors, and connectivity solutions for automotive, industrial, and cloud power applications.
The MPS650 series belongs to onsemi's general-purpose bipolar transistor product line, engineered for cost-sensitive, high-reliability linear amplification and switching in industrial control, power supplies, and legacy equipment replacement.
FAQ
What is the maximum collector-emitter voltage rating for the MPS650ZL1?
The MPS650ZL1 has a maximum collector-emitter breakdown voltage V(BR)CEO of 40 Vdc at IC = 10 mA and IB = 0. This rating defines the upper limit of voltage the device can block in common-emitter configuration before avalanche conduction begins. Exceeding this value risks irreversible damage. The MPS650ZL1 must be operated within this limit in all circuit conditions, including transient spikes.
Does the MPS650ZL1 support high-current switching applications?
Yes, the MPS650ZL1 supports high-current switching with a continuous collector current rating of 2.0 Adc and pulsed capability up to 4.0 A. Its VCE(sat) ≤ 0.5 V at IC = 2.0 A / IB = 200 mA ensures low conduction loss. Thermal design must account for RJA = 200°C/W; derating is required above 25°C ambient to maintain TJ ≤ 150°C.
Is the MPS650ZL1 RoHS compliant?
Yes, the MPS650ZL1G variant is explicitly marked as Pb-free and RoHS compliant per onsemi documentation. The standard MPS650ZL1 may be leaded; however, both share identical electrical specifications. For new designs requiring environmental compliance, specify MPS650ZL1G to ensure adherence to EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU and related restrictions.
What is the DC current gain (hFE) of the MPS650ZL1 under typical operating conditions?
The MPS650ZL1 guarantees hFE ≥ 75 at IC = 50 mA and VCE = 2.0 V, with typical values reaching 150–250 in the same condition. Gain remains stable across −55°C to +125°C, dropping only modestly at extremes. Designers should use the minimum value for worst-case base drive calculations to ensure saturation under all conditions.
Can the MPS650ZL1 be used as a direct replacement for the MPS650 in existing designs?
Yes, the MPS650ZL1 is functionally and mechanically identical to the base MPS650, sharing the same TO-92 package, pinout, and electrical specifications. The "ZL1" suffix denotes tape-and-ammunition packaging (2000 units), not a parametric revision. No PCB or schematic changes are needed when substituting MPS650ZL1 for MPS650 in legacy designs.
MPS650ZL1 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 Long Body, Formed Leads
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Transistor Type:
- NPN
- Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):
- 2 A
- Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):
- 40 V
- Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:
- 500mV @ 200mA, 2A
- Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):
- 100nA (ICBO)
- DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:
- 75 @ 1A, 2V
- Power - Max:
- 625 mW
- Frequency - Transition:
- 75MHz
- Operating Temperature:
- -55°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92 (TO-226)
MPS650ZL1 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for MPS650ZL1 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for MPS650ZL1 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for MPS650ZL1 reliable?
The price and inventory of MPS650ZL1 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for MPS650ZL1 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for MPS650ZL1?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for MPS650ZL1 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for MPS650ZL1?
MPS650ZL1 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your MPS650ZL1 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for MPS650ZL1?
For technical support, including MPS650ZL1 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your MPS650ZL1 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that MPS650ZL1 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All MPS650ZL1 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that MPS650ZL1 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of MPS650ZL1?
All MPS650ZL1 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with MPS650ZL1, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The MPS650ZL1 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for MPS650ZL1:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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