onsemi MPS6531_D75Z

Overview

MPS6531_D75Z from Fairchild Semiconductor is an NPN general-purpose bipolar junction transistor designed for medium-power amplification and switching applications, with a 40 V V_CEO, 1.0 A continuous collector current rating, and TO-92 package. It supports linear amplifier stages and digital switch functions in consumer audio preamps, power supply control circuits, and low-speed logic interface drivers.

For engineers reviewing the MPS6531_D75Z datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include V_CEO/V_CBO breakdown margins, h_FE variation across I_C = 10–500 mA, saturation voltage at I_C/I_B = 100 mA/10 mA, thermal resistance (R_θJA = 200 °C/W), and TO-92 mechanical compatibility in through-hole PCB layouts.

Technical Context

The MPS6531_D75Z implements a silicon planar epitaxial NPN structure optimized for stable DC current gain (h_FE = 60–270) across collector currents from 10 mA to 500 mA at V_CE = 1.0–10 V. Its 5.0 pF output capacitance (C_ob) and 83.3 °C/W junction-to-case thermal resistance support moderate-frequency (<100 MHz) small-signal operation and thermally constrained board-level designs.

It operates within a -55°C to +150°C junction temperature range and features defined absolute maximum ratings including 60 V V_CBO, 5.0 V V_EBO, and 625 mW total device dissipation at 25°C - derated linearly above that ambient temperature at 5.0 mW/°C.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

Package: TO-92 - Standard 3-lead through-hole plastic package with 0.1" lead pitch, flat side orientation marking, and mechanical dimensions compliant with JEDEC TO-92 outline (1:1 scale per Jan 2000 Rev. B drawing).

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN general-purpose amplifier applications.

Compared with PN2222A and BC547B, the MPS6531_D75Z delivers superior current handling (1.0 A vs. 0.8 A/0.1 A) and same-package thermal performance, making it optimal for designs requiring robustness at 500 mA while maintaining TO-92 manufacturability.

Availability

MPS6531_D75Z is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for audio preamplifiers, DC-DC feedback switches, microcontroller GPIO drivers, and relay coil interfaces requiring stable component supply and long-term industrial availability.

Supply support for MPS6531_D75Z includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Fairchild Semiconductor was a U.S.-based semiconductor manufacturer specializing in power management, analog, and discrete components before its acquisition by ON Semiconductor in 2016.

The MPS6531_D75Z belongs to Fairchild's legacy NPN general-purpose transistor family, engineered for cost-sensitive, medium-power linear and switching applications in consumer, industrial, and computing systems.

FAQ

What is the maximum continuous collector current rating for MPS6531_D75Z?

The MPS6531_D75Z has a maximum continuous collector current (I_C) rating of 1.0 A at T_A = 25°C. This rating assumes proper PCB thermal relief and derating per the 5.0 mW/°C thermal derating curve above 25°C ambient. Exceeding this current without adequate heatsinking risks junction overheating beyond the 150°C limit.

Is MPS6531_D75Z suitable for switching 12 V relay coils?

Yes, MPS6531_D75Z is well-suited for switching typical 12 V relay coils drawing ≤150 mA. Its 40 V V_CEO, 60 V V_CBO, and 0.3 V V_CE(sat) provide sufficient voltage margin against inductive kickback and low conduction loss. Ensure base drive delivers ≥15 mA to guarantee saturation, given its h_FE minimum of 60 at I_C = 100 mA.

What package type does MPS6531_D75Z use, and how is pin orientation identified?

MPS6531_D75Z uses the TO-92 package. With the flat side facing the viewer and leads pointing downward, the left-to-right pin order is Emitter (E), Base (B), Collector (C). The D75Z tape-and-reel variant specifies "FIRST WIRE OFF IS COLLECTOR" and "FLAT OF TRANSISTOR IS ON TOP", confirming standard TO-92 pinout alignment in automated placement.

How does the h_FE of MPS6531_D75Z vary with collector current?

The h_FE of MPS6531_D75Z varies significantly with I_C: minimum 60 at I_C = 10 mA, 90 at I_C = 100 mA, and 50 at I_C = 500 mA. This nonlinearity means base resistors must be sized for worst-case h_FE at the target operating current - e.g., use h_FE = 50 for 500 mA switching to ensure saturation under all conditions.

Can MPS6531_D75Z replace PN2222A in existing designs?

MPS6531_D75Z can functionally replace PN2222A in most applications due to matching V_CEO (40 V), TO-92 package, and overlapping h_FE and saturation characteristics. However, its higher 1.0 A I_C rating and 625 mW P_D may require verifying PCB copper area and thermal relief - especially if the original design relied on PN2222A's slightly lower power dissipation margin.