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onsemi PN2222BU
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- Part No.:
- PN2222BU
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Category:
- Single Bipolar Transistors
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA)
- Datasheet:
-
PN2222BU.pdf
- Description:
- TRANS NPN 30V 0.6A TO-92-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,171
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Product details
Overview
PN2222BU from ON Semiconductor is an NPN bipolar junction transistor designed for medium-power amplification and switching in general-purpose analog and digital circuits, with a 40 V collector-emitter breakdown voltage, 1.0 A maximum collector current, and DC current gain (hFE) ranging from 35 to 300 depending on operating conditions. It operates across –55 °C to +150 °C and delivers 625 mW total power dissipation at 25 °C in TO-92 package - commonly used in low-voltage relay drivers and signal buffering.
For engineers reviewing the PN2222BU datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include verified VCE(sat) ≤ 1.0 V at IC = 500 mA / IB = 50 mA, fT = 300 MHz small-signal bandwidth, thermal resistance RθJA = 200 °C/W, and TO-92 lead configuration compatibility with through-hole prototyping and legacy industrial control boards.
Technical Context
The PN2222BU implements a standard NPN silicon BJT structure optimized for linear amplification and saturated switching. Its base-emitter junction supports up to 6.0 V reverse bias, while collector-base withstands 75 V, enabling robust operation in inductive load switching with flyback protection. The device exhibits low noise figure (4.0 dB at 1 kHz) and high-frequency capability via fT = 300 MHz under 20 mA/20 V conditions.
Thermal design relies on its 200 °C/W junction-to-ambient resistance and 5.0 mW/°C derating above 25 °C, requiring minimal heatsinking below 300 mW continuous dissipation. Switching performance is characterized by 10 ns delay, 25 ns rise, 225 ns storage, and 60 ns fall times under defined 150 mA load conditions - confirming suitability for low-speed digital logic interfacing and PWM-driven loads.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VCEO | 40 V - Maximum safe collector-emitter voltage before breakdown; defines rail limit for switch or amplifier stage. |
| IC max | 1.0 A - Absolute maximum continuous collector current; usable up to 500 mA per typical switching/amplifier use cases. |
| hFE | 35–300 - DC current gain range across IC = 0.1 mA to 150 mA; enables predictable biasing in Class-A amps or Darlington pre-stages. |
| fT | 300 MHz - Unity-gain frequency; supports RF amplification up to ~100 MHz with adequate gain margin. |
| VCE(sat) | 0.3–1.0 V - Saturation voltage at IC/IB = 150 mA/15 mA and 500 mA/50 mA; determines conduction loss in switching applications. |
| RθJA | 200 °C/W - Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance; sets temperature rise per watt dissipated without heatsink. |
Pinout & Package
PN2222BU is housed in a JEDEC-compliant TO-92 plastic package with straight leads (E-B-C pin order when viewed from flat side with leads down). This through-hole 3-lead package supports manual soldering, breadboard prototyping, and legacy PCB layouts.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Emitter (E) | Current sink terminal for NPN operation | Connected to ground or low-side return path; base-emitter forward bias initiates conduction. |
| Base (B) | Control input for minority-carrier injection | Receives current-limited drive (e.g., via 1–10 kΩ resistor); controls collector current proportionally to hFE. |
| Collector (C) | Current source terminal for NPN operation | Connected to load and positive supply; carries amplified/saturated output current with minimal VCE drop. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Medium-power switching capability | Rated for 500 mA continuous collector current with <1.0 V saturation voltage - reduces heat generation in relay and LED drivers. |
| Wide operating temperature range | –55 °C to +150 °C junction range - supports deployment in automotive engine compartments and industrial enclosures without derating. |
| High DC current gain consistency | hFE ≥ 75 at IC = 10 mA, VCE = 10 V - simplifies bias network design for stable Class-A amplifiers and sensor interface stages. |
| Low-noise amplification | Noise figure = 4.0 dB at 1 kHz with 1 kΩ source - suitable for microphone preamps and precision analog front-ends. |
| Fast switching transitions | Combined tr + tf = 85 ns and ts = 225 ns - enables reliable operation up to ~200 kHz PWM with controlled turn-off delay. |
Applications
| Relay Driver Circuit | Audio Pre-amplifier Stage |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Driving 12 V, 100 mA coil relays from microcontroller GPIO pins with level-shifting and back-EMF suppression. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: NPN switch providing current gain and isolation between low-current logic and inductive load. Use Value: VCE(sat) ≤ 0.3 V at IB = 15 mA ensures <4.5 mW conduction loss, minimizing self-heating during sustained activation. |
Use Scenario: Boosting weak electret microphone signals (1–10 mV) to line-level (0.5–1 V) before ADC sampling. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Common-emitter small-signal amplifier with emitter-degeneration bias for gain stability. Use Value: 4.0 dB noise figure and hFE ≥ 100 at 100 μA enable >60 dB SNR in battery-powered voice recorders. |
| PWM Fan Speed Controller | Logic-Level Translator |
Use Scenario: Modulating 5 V DC cooling fan speed using 3.3 V MCU PWM output with open-collector interface. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Saturated switch converting logic-level pulses into full-rail fan supply current. Use Value: 225 ns storage time allows clean turn-off at 25 kHz PWM frequencies without shoot-through or audible whine. |
Use Scenario: Interfacing 3.3 V FPGA outputs to 5 V TTL inputs in mixed-voltage digital systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Active pull-up translator using common-emitter inversion with base resistor biasing. Use Value: fT = 300 MHz supports >10 MHz data rates with sub-10 ns propagation delay in level-shifted clock paths. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN general-purpose amplifier applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| PN2222A | Identical electrical specs and TO-92 package; differs only in marking and packing method (bulk vs. ammo/tape). | No functional difference; PN2222A is direct form-fit-function replacement with same pinout and thermal profile. | Select PN2222A for automated assembly (tape-and-reel) or cost-sensitive bulk procurement where traceability is not required. |
| BC547B | Lower IC max (100 mA), lower VCEO (45 V), hFE = 200–450 at IC = 2 mA - higher gain but lower power handling. | Suitable for low-current signal amplification only; not rated for 500 mA switching or >300 mW dissipation. | Choose BC547B only for compact audio preamp or sensor buffer designs where power demand stays below 100 mA. |
Compared with PN2222A and BC547B, PN2222BU offers identical performance to PN2222A in TO-92 packaging with bulk delivery, while providing significantly higher current capability and thermal margin than BC547B - making it optimal for industrial relay drivers and 500 mA load switching where reliability under sustained conduction matters.
Availability
PN2222BU is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for relay driver circuits, audio pre-amplifier stages, PWM fan speed controllers, and logic-level translators requiring stable component supply across industrial, automotive, and embedded design cycles.
Supply support for PN2222BU includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
ON Semiconductor is a global semiconductor manufacturer specializing in energy-efficient power management, analog, sensors, and discrete devices for automotive, industrial, and cloud infrastructure markets.
PN2222BU belongs to ON Semiconductor's legacy general-purpose bipolar transistor product line, originally developed by Fairchild and maintained for broad compatibility in cost-sensitive, high-volume analog and switching applications.
FAQ
What is the pin configuration of the PN2222BU?
The PN2222BU uses a standard TO-92 package with Emitter-Base-Collector (E-B-C) pinout when viewed from the flat side with leads pointing downward. Pin 1 is Emitter, Pin 2 is Base, and Pin 3 is Collector - matching JEDEC TO-92 mechanical specification ZA03D and fully compatible with PN2222A layout footprints.
Does PN2222BU support switching at 100 kHz?
Yes, PN2222BU supports reliable switching at 100 kHz due to its 25 ns rise time and 60 ns fall time, though storage time (225 ns) dominates turn-off behavior. For clean 100 kHz operation, ensure base drive is actively pulled low during off-time and avoid deep saturation by limiting IB/IC ratio to ≤ 1/10.
What is the maximum power dissipation for PN2222BU at 70°C ambient?
At 70°C ambient, PN2222BU's maximum power dissipation is 387.5 mW, calculated using its 5.0 mW/°C derating factor: 625 mW − (70 − 25) × 5.0 = 387.5 mW. Exceeding this requires heatsinking or reduced duty cycle to maintain junction temperature ≤ 150°C.
Can PN2222BU replace BC547 in existing designs?
PN2222BU can replace BC547 only if the circuit demands ≥500 mA collector current or >300 mW dissipation - otherwise, over-specification may increase cost and board space. BC547 has higher hFE at low currents but lower VCEO (45 V) and IC rating; verify voltage margins and thermal limits before substitution.
Is PN2222BU RoHS compliant and halogen-free?
Yes, PN2222BU meets RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU and is halogen-free per ON Semiconductor's material declarations. The TO-92 package uses lead-free matte tin plating and complies with IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 moisture sensitivity level 1 - no floor life limitation for dry storage.
PN2222BU Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA)
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Transistor Type:
- NPN
- Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):
- 600 mA
- Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):
- 30 V
- Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:
- 1V @ 50mA, 500mA
- Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):
- 10nA (ICBO)
- DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:
- 100 @ 150mA, 10V
- Power - Max:
- 625 mW
- Frequency - Transition:
- 300MHz
- Operating Temperature:
- 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92-3
PN2222BU FAQ
1.How can I place an order for PN2222BU through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for PN2222BU on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for PN2222BU reliable?
The price and inventory of PN2222BU are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for PN2222BU is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for PN2222BU?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for PN2222BU transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for PN2222BU?
PN2222BU orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your PN2222BU order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for PN2222BU?
For technical support, including PN2222BU datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your PN2222BU requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that PN2222BU is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All PN2222BU products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that PN2222BU meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of PN2222BU?
All PN2222BU units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with PN2222BU, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The PN2222BU part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for PN2222BU:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
PN2222BU Tags
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MMBT3906-7-F
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