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Texas Instruments SM72445MTE/NOPB
- Part No.:
- SM72445MTE/NOPB
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Special Purpose Regulators
- Package:
- 28-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
SM72445MTE/NOPB.pdf
- Description:
- IC REG CTRLR PHOTOV 1OUT 28TSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,251
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Product details
Overview
SM72445MTE/NOPB from Texas Instruments is a programmable maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller for photovoltaic solar power optimizers, featuring four independent PWM gate drive outputs (LIA, HIA, LIB, HIB), 8-channel 10-bit ADC for voltage/current sensing (AVIN, AIIN, AVOUT, AIOUT, A0–A6), I²C interface (SDA/SCL/I2C0–I2C2), and Panel Mode bypass control (PM/PM_OUT). It supports 110 kHz / 135 kHz / 215 kHz switching frequencies with programmable dead time and operates across –40°C to +105°C.
For engineers reviewing the SM72445MTE/NOPB datasheet, SM72445MTE/NOPB pinout, SM72445MTE/NOPB application, or SM72445MTE/NOPB equivalent, this device is selected for high-efficiency DC-DC buck-boost converters in solar microinverters and module-integrated power electronics where adaptive MPPT, analog configuration via resistor dividers, and hardware-based Panel Mode bypass are required.
Technical Context
The SM72445MTE/NOPB implements a digital MPPT algorithm that converges to the maximum power point within 0.01 s using real-time sampling of input/output voltage and current via its integrated 10-bit ADC. Its state machine manages transitions between MPPT, soft-start, and Panel Mode with hysteresis-based thresholds set on A4 (output current limit) and A2 (PWM frequency & PM implementation mode).
Panel Mode operation is implemented either by dedicated external FET activation (via 440 kHz PM_OUT square wave) or by synchronous H-bridge reconfiguration at half-switching frequency to achieve 1:1 input-to-output ratio-both modes selected by analog voltage on A2. Configuration is retained across reset via ADC sampling at startup and supported by I²C register overrides (reg0–reg5) for runtime tuning of vout_max, iout_max, dead time, and offsets.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| PWM Frequency Options | 110 kHz / 135 kHz / 215 kHz - selectable via analog voltage on A2; determines dead time (106 ns / 87 ns / 54 ns) and soft-start duration (500 ms / 375 ms / 250 ms) |
| ADC Resolution | 10-bit - enables precise scaling of output voltage limit (A0), current limit (A4), slew rate (A6), and PM entry condition (A2) using external resistor dividers |
| Operating Temperature | –40°C to +105°C - qualified for outdoor photovoltaic environments including rooftop and ground-mount solar installations |
| I²C Interface | Standard-mode (100 kHz) and fast-mode (400 kHz) compatible - supports full register read/write (reg0–reg5) for runtime configuration override and telemetry (Vin, Vout, Iin, Iout) |
| Supply Voltages | VDDA = VDDD = 4.75 V to 5.25 V - dual 5 V supplies with separate analog/digital grounds (VSSA/VSSD) minimize noise coupling into ADC and PWM timing paths |
| Panel Mode Activation | Hardware-triggered via active-low PM pin or automatic entry after soft-start when output current falls below A4-set threshold - ensures zero-loss conduction path when panel voltage ≈ output voltage |
| Overvoltage Protection | Dedicated AVOUT monitoring with automatic duty cycle reduction during MPPT - enforces programmed VOUT_MAX only in MPPT/soft-start states; not active in Panel Mode |
Pinout & Package
TSSOP-28 package with exposed thermal pad (RoHS-compliant, lead-free, NOPB suffix); 0.65 mm pitch; 9.7 mm × 4.4 mm footprint; rated for industrial temperature range.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| RST | Active-low digital reset input | Halts all PWM outputs and PM_OUT immediately; used for system-level fault recovery or forced shutdown |
| VDDA / VDDD | Analog and digital supply inputs | Require separate 0.1 µF ceramic bypass to VSSA/VSSD; VDDA also serves as ADC reference voltage |
| A0–A6 | Configurable analog inputs | Set MPPT parameters via resistor dividers: A0 = VOUT_MAX, A2 = PWM freq & PM mode, A4 = IOUT_MAX, A6 = slew rate & PM timing |
| AVIN / AIIN / AVOUT / AIOUT | ADC sensing inputs | Direct connection to scaled panel/output voltage and current sense amplifier outputs; 0–5 V input range, ±1 µA leakage |
| LIA / HIA / LIB / HIB | PWM gate drive outputs | Four independent logic-level outputs for external MOSFET drivers; support 4-switch buck-boost topology with programmable dead time |
| PM / PM_OUT | Panel Mode control and signal | PM: active-low hardware trigger; PM_OUT: 440 kHz square wave (5 V amplitude) to drive external bypass FET in dedicated PM mode |
| SCL / SDA / I2C0–I2C2 | I²C communication interface | SCL/SDA: bidirectional bus lines; I2C0–I2C2: address pins (3-bit encoding) enabling up to 8 devices on same bus |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adaptive MPPT Algorithm | Converges to MPP within 10 ms under dynamic irradiance; uses real-time Vin/Iin/Vout/Iout feedback without external microcontroller |
| Hardware Panel Mode Bypass | Eliminates conversion losses when Vin ≈ Vout by enabling direct conduction path - improves peak efficiency to ≥99.5% with SM72295 driver |
| Resistor-Programmable Configuration | Four ADC inputs (A0/A2/A4/A6) replace firmware dependencies - allows field-tuning of VOUT_MAX, IOUT_MAX, slew rate, and PM behavior without I²C access |
| Integrated Telemetry & Diagnostics | I²C registers (reg1) provide live 10-bit readings of Vin, Vout, Iin, Iout - enables remote performance monitoring and fault logging in solar gateway systems |
| Robust Startup Sequencing | Soft-start ramp (250–500 ms), auto-transition to Panel Mode if no load detected, and configurable MPPT re-entry window (0–120 s) prevent inrush and instability |
Applications
| Photovoltaic Microinverters | Solar Module-Level Power Electronics (MLPE) |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Distributed AC conversion per solar panel in residential rooftop arrays with partial shading tolerance. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary MPPT controller managing buck-boost converter stage; provides real-time PWM signals and Panel Mode bypass to maximize energy harvest under variable irradiance. Use Value: Enables >99% peak efficiency during mid-day operation and seamless transition to lossless conduction during low-light conditions - extending annual energy yield by up to 4.2% vs fixed-frequency controllers. | Use Scenario: DC optimizers embedded in commercial solar modules to mitigate mismatch losses and enable panel-level monitoring. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Core control IC implementing adaptive MPPT, overvoltage/current protection, and I²C telemetry for cloud-based fleet management. Use Value: Delivers 10-bit sensor data (Vin/Vout/Iin/Iout) via I²C to central gateway - enabling predictive maintenance and granular performance analytics without adding external ADCs or microcontrollers. |
| Utility-Scale String Optimizers | Off-Grid Solar Charge Controllers |
Use Scenario: High-power DC optimizers deployed in utility-scale plants to equalize string currents and reduce clipping losses. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Configurable MPPT engine supporting wide input voltage range (20–80 V) and programmable slew rate limiting to comply with grid interconnection standards. Use Value: Adjustable output voltage slew rate (via A6) prevents rapid transients during cloud-edge events - meeting IEEE 1547 anti-islanding ride-through requirements without external compensation circuits. | Use Scenario: Battery-charging DC-DC converters in remote telecom shelters powered by solar + battery banks. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Dual-role controller performing MPPT for PV input and regulated constant-current/constant-voltage charging for lead-acid/LiFePO₄ batteries. Use Value: Hardware Panel Mode allows direct PV-to-battery connection when Vpv ≈ Vbat - eliminating conversion losses during float charge and extending battery life by reducing thermal stress on power stage. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar MPPT controller applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT8490EMS#PBF | Fixed 150 kHz switching; no Panel Mode; integrated gate drivers; requires external MCU for advanced telemetry | Targeted at cost-sensitive industrial DC-DC converters without solar-specific diagnostics or bypass capability | Select when system-level firmware handles MPPT logic and Panel Mode is unnecessary; avoid if >99% peak efficiency or hardware-triggered bypass is required. |
| UCC28950PWPR | Phase-shifted full-bridge controller; no integrated ADC; relies on external op-amps and comparators for sensing | Designed for high-voltage isolated DC-DC (e.g., 400 V bus) with transformer-based isolation - not suited for non-isolated buck-boost solar topologies | Select only for isolated high-power applications requiring ZVS; not a functional substitute for SM72445MTE/NOPB's integrated sensing, MPPT, and Panel Mode in module-level designs. |
Compared with LT8490EMS#PBF and UCC28950PWPR, the SM72445MTE/NOPB uniquely integrates 10-bit ADC, hardware Panel Mode, and I²C telemetry in a single TSSOP-28 package - eliminating external components needed for voltage/current sensing, bypass control, and system-level monitoring in solar MLPE.
Availability
SM72445MTE/NOPB is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for photovoltaic microinverters, solar module-level power electronics (MLPE), and off-grid solar charge controllers requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and compliance with IEC 61215 and UL 1703 standards.
Supply support for SM72445MTE/NOPB includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management technologies with over 50 years of innovation in energy-efficient electronics.
The SM72445MTE/NOPB belongs to TI's renewable energy grade controller product line, designed specifically for high-reliability solar power optimization in harsh environmental conditions and emphasizing adaptive MPPT, hardware-based efficiency preservation, and simplified system integration.
FAQ
What is the primary function of the SM72445MTE/NOPB in a solar power system?
The SM72445MTE/NOPB is a programmable maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller that manages the four PWM gate drives for a 4-switch buck-boost converter in photovoltaic systems. It continuously adjusts duty cycle to extract maximum power from solar panels while supporting hardware-triggered Panel Mode bypass for lossless conduction when input and output voltages match - a key feature distinguishing SM72445MTE/NOPB from generic DC-DC controllers.
How does the SM72445MTE/NOPB implement Panel Mode, and what are the two operational methods?
The SM72445MTE/NOPB implements Panel Mode in two ways: (1) Dedicated external FET mode - PM_OUT outputs a 440 kHz square wave to drive an external bypass switch while halting H-bridge switching; (2) H-bridge reconfiguration mode - the LIA/HIA/LIB/HIB outputs are controlled to achieve 1:1 voltage conversion without external components. The method is selected by analog voltage on pin A2, and both modes are activated either by pulling the PM pin low or automatically based on sensed operating conditions - a behavior confirmed in the SM72445MTE/NOPB datasheet Section 8.3.3.
Can the SM72445MTE/NOPB operate without an external microcontroller?
Yes, the SM72445MTE/NOPB operates autonomously without an external microcontroller. Its embedded digital MPPT algorithm, resistor-programmable configuration (A0–A6), and hardware state machine handle startup, soft-start, MPPT convergence, Panel Mode entry/exit, and fault recovery independently. While I²C (SDA/SCL) enables optional telemetry and register override, all core functions - including VOUT_MAX enforcement, IOUT_MAX limiting, and slew rate control - execute using internal logic and ADC sampling, as documented in the SM72445MTE/NOPB datasheet Figures 8–9 and Table 1.
What are the absolute maximum ratings for analog and digital supply voltages on the SM72445MTE/NOPB?
The SM72445MTE/NOPB has an absolute maximum analog supply voltage (VDDA − VSSA) of −0.3 V to +6.0 V and digital supply voltage (VDDD − VSSD) of −0.3 V to VA + 0.3 V (max +6.0 V). Recommended operating range is +4.75 V to +5.25 V for both supplies. Exceeding these limits risks permanent damage, and the device specifies ±1 µA DC leakage on analog inputs (AVIN, AIIN, etc.) and ±0.4 V output low voltage under 1 mA sink - all verified in the Electrical Characteristics table of the SM72445MTE/NOPB datasheet (SNVS795, pages 4–5).
How does the SM72445MTE/NOPB handle overvoltage protection, and is it active in all operating modes?
The SM72445MTE/NOPB enforces maximum output voltage (VOUT_MAX) only during MPPT operation and soft-start by reducing PWM duty cycle when AVOUT exceeds the voltage set on A0. However, this protection is explicitly disabled in Panel Mode and Stand-by states - meaning output voltage may exceed the programmed limit if the solar panel's open-circuit voltage rises above the A0 threshold. Therefore, external overvoltage protection (e.g., comparator tied to RST) is required for full-system safety, as stated in the SM72445MTE/NOPB datasheet Section 8.4.1.
SM72445MTE/NOPB Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- SolarMagic™
- Package/Case:
- 28-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Active
- Applications:
- Controller, Photovoltaic Solar Panels
- Voltage - Input:
- 4.75V ~ 5.25V
- Number of Outputs:
- 1
- Voltage - Output:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 105°C
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 28-TSSOP
SM72445MTE/NOPB FAQ
1.How can I place an order for SM72445MTE/NOPB through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for SM72445MTE/NOPB on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for SM72445MTE/NOPB reliable?
The price and inventory of SM72445MTE/NOPB are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for SM72445MTE/NOPB is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for SM72445MTE/NOPB?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for SM72445MTE/NOPB transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for SM72445MTE/NOPB?
SM72445MTE/NOPB orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your SM72445MTE/NOPB order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for SM72445MTE/NOPB?
For technical support, including SM72445MTE/NOPB datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your SM72445MTE/NOPB requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that SM72445MTE/NOPB is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All SM72445MTE/NOPB products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that SM72445MTE/NOPB meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of SM72445MTE/NOPB?
All SM72445MTE/NOPB units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with SM72445MTE/NOPB, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The SM72445MTE/NOPB part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for SM72445MTE/NOPB:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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