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onsemi TIP50
- Part No.:
- TIP50
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Category:
- Single Bipolar Transistors
- Package:
- TO-220-3
- Datasheet:
-
TIP50.pdf
- Description:
- TRANS NPN 400V 1A TO-220-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:9,400
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Product details
Overview
TIP50 from onsemi is a high-voltage NPN silicon power transistor in TO−220AB package, rated for 400 VCEO, 1.0 A continuous collector current, and 40 W total power dissipation at TC = 25°C. It serves as a switching device in line-operated audio output amplifiers and switchmode power supply drivers.
For engineers reviewing the TIP50 datasheet, pinout, applications, or equivalent options, key selection criteria include VCEO = 400 V, IC = 1.0 A, PD = 40 W, RJC = 3.125 °C/W, and TO−220AB mechanical compatibility with heatsink mounting.
Technical Context
The TIP50 operates as a single NPN bipolar junction transistor optimized for high-voltage switching applications. Its safe operating area (SOA) is defined up to 400 V and 1.0 A under DC conditions, with secondary breakdown limits validated for pulse durations down to 1 ms.
It features a minimum hFE of 30 at IC = 0.3 A and VCE = 10 V, VCE(sat) ≤ 1.0 V at IC = 1.0 A and IB = 0.2 A, and fT ≥ 10 MHz - enabling reliable use in medium-frequency switching circuits up to several hundred kHz.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VCEO | 400 Vdc - maximum collector-emitter sustaining voltage before breakdown; enables use in 300–400 V bus applications. |
| IC (continuous) | 1.0 Adc - continuous collector current rating; defines steady-state load-handling capability with adequate heatsinking. |
| PD @ TC = 25°C | 40 W - total power dissipation limit at case temperature 25°C; requires thermal design with RJC = 3.125 °C/W. |
| hFE (min) | 30 - DC current gain at IC = 0.3 A, VCE = 10 V; determines required base drive for saturation in linear or switching modes. |
| VCE(sat) | ≤1.0 V - collector-emitter saturation voltage at IC = 1.0 A, IB = 0.2 A; directly impacts conduction loss and thermal load. |
| fT | ≥10 MHz - current-gain bandwidth product; supports stable operation in switching applications up to ~1–2 MHz. |
Pinout & Package
Package: TO−220AB (Case 221A, Style 1), 4-pin outline with pins 2 and 4 internally connected to collector, pin 1 to base, pin 3 to emitter. Mounting tab is collector-connected and electrically active.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Base | Control terminal; accepts base current to bias transistor into active or saturation region. |
| 2 & 4 | Collector | High-voltage power input/output node; electrically tied to metal tab for heatsink mounting. |
| 3 | Emiter | Current return path; referenced to ground or low-side switching node in common-emitter configuration. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Pb-free and RoHS-compliant packaging | Meets global environmental compliance requirements without lead-based soldering constraints. |
| TO−220 plastic package | Standardized mechanical form factor with integrated heatsink tab for cost-effective thermal management. |
| 400 VCEO rating | Supports direct interface with 300–400 V DC rails in offline SMPS and industrial power stages. |
| Unclamped inductive load energy rating | 20 mJ - quantifies ruggedness against inductive turn-off transients without snubber circuitry. |
| −65°C to +150°C junction temperature range | Enables deployment in wide-temperature environments including automotive under-hood and industrial enclosures. |
Applications
| Audio Output Amplifier | Switchmode Power Supply Driver |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: High-voltage push-pull stage in tube-replacement or solid-state line-operated audio amplifiers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: NPN power switch in Class AB or Class B output stage, handling peak currents up to 1 A at 250–400 V. Use Value: Delivers clean signal swing with VCE(sat) ≤ 1.0 V and hFE ≥ 30, minimizing distortion and thermal drift. |
Use Scenario: Main switching transistor in flyback or forward converter primary side, operating at 20–100 kHz. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-voltage NPN switch controlling energy transfer from primary winding to transformer core. Use Value: Withstands 400 VCEO and absorbs 20 mJ unclamped inductive energy, reducing need for complex clamping networks. |
| Motor Control Interface | Industrial Relay/Contactor Driver |
|
Use Scenario: Low-frequency PWM driver for universal motor or brushed DC motor control in appliances. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Single-ended switch interfacing microcontroller GPIO to inductive motor windings. Use Value: Rated for 1.0 A continuous and 2.0 A peak current, supporting intermittent duty cycles with thermal margin. |
Use Scenario: Solid-state replacement for electromechanical relays driving HVAC actuators or industrial solenoids. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-voltage interface between logic-level control signals and 120/240 VAC loads. Use Value: 400 VCEO and −65°C to +150°C operation ensure reliability across mains-voltage switching and ambient extremes. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar NPN power transistor applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| MJE5731 | Complementary PNP device; same VCEO = 400 V, but IC = 1.5 A and PD = 50 W; different polarity and higher current rating. | Used in complementary push-pull output stages where PNP pairing is required; not a direct functional substitute for NPN-only roles. | Select MJE5731 only when building matched NPN/PNP pairs or replacing PNP counterparts in existing designs. |
| TIP51G | Same TO−220AB package; VCEO = 500 V, IC = 1.0 A, PD = 40 W; higher voltage rating but identical thermal and gain characteristics. | Suitable for 400–500 V bus applications where additional voltage margin is needed; otherwise functionally interchangeable in lower-voltage designs. | Choose TIP51G when system transient overvoltage exceeds 400 V or long-term reliability margin justifies higher VCEO. |
Compared with MJE5731 and TIP51G, the TIP50 provides optimal balance of 400 V rating, 1.0 A current, and 40 W dissipation in TO−220AB - making it ideal for cost-sensitive, thermally constrained 300–400 V switching where exact voltage headroom is known.
Availability
TIP50 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for switchmode power supply drivers, audio output amplifiers, and industrial relay drivers requiring stable component supply and long-lifecycle support.
Supply support for TIP50 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
onsemi is a global semiconductor manufacturer specializing in energy-efficient power, analog, sensing, and connectivity solutions for automotive, industrial, and cloud infrastructure markets.
The TIP50 belongs to onsemi's legacy high-voltage NPN power transistor family designed specifically for robust, cost-effective switching in line-operated audio and offline power conversion systems.
FAQ
What is the maximum collector-emitter voltage rating for the TIP50?
The TIP50 has a maximum collector-emitter sustaining voltage (VCEO(sus)) of 400 Vdc at IC = 30 mA and IB = 0. This rating is confirmed in the Absolute Maximum Ratings table and verified under unclamped inductive switching conditions per Figure 8. The TIP50 must not be operated beyond this voltage to avoid avalanche breakdown or permanent damage.
Is the TIP50 pin-compatible with other devices in the TIP47G–TIP50G series?
Yes, the TIP50 shares identical TO−220AB (Case 221A, Style 1) pinout with TIP47G and TIP48G: pin 1 = base, pins 2 & 4 = collector, pin 3 = emitter. All three devices use the same mechanical footprint and thermal pad connection, allowing direct PCB layout reuse across the series when voltage derating is acceptable.
Does the TIP50 require a heatsink in typical operation?
Yes - the TIP50's RJC = 3.125 °C/W and PD = 40 W at TC = 25°C means even moderate power dissipation (e.g., >5 W) will exceed safe junction temperature without heatsinking. Thermal design must account for ambient temperature, airflow, and interface resistance to maintain TJ ≤ 150°C, as specified in the datasheet.
What is the DC current gain (hFE) range for the TIP50?
The TIP50 exhibits hFE ≥ 30 at IC = 0.3 A and VCE = 10 V, and hFE ≥ 10 at IC = 1.0 A and VCE = 10 V. These values are measured per the Electrical Characteristics table and define minimum base drive requirements for saturation in switching applications.
Can the TIP50 be used in place of the TIP47G or TIP48G?
Yes, the TIP50 can replace TIP47G (250 V) and TIP48G (300 V) in applications where higher voltage margin is beneficial - provided layout, drive strength, and SOA remain within specification. However, its higher VCEO does not improve speed or gain; base drive and thermal design must still meet original requirements.
TIP50 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- onsemi
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- TO-220-3
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Transistor Type:
- NPN
- Current - Collector (Ic) (Max):
- 1 A
- Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max):
- 400 V
- Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic:
- 1V @ 200mA, 1A
- Current - Collector Cutoff (Max):
- 1mA
- DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce:
- 30 @ 300mA, 10V
- Power - Max:
- 2 W
- Frequency - Transition:
- 10MHz
- Operating Temperature:
- 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-220-3
TIP50 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TIP50 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TIP50 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TIP50 reliable?
The price and inventory of TIP50 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TIP50 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TIP50?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TIP50 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TIP50?
TIP50 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TIP50 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TIP50?
For technical support, including TIP50 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TIP50 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TIP50 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TIP50 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TIP50 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TIP50?
All TIP50 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TIP50, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TIP50 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TIP50:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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