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Texas Instruments TL431ACLPR5
- Part No.:
- TL431ACLPR5
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- -
- Datasheet:
-
TL431ACLPR5.pdf
- Description:
- VOLTAGE REFERENCE
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:118,000
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Product details
Overview
TL431ACLPR5 from onsemi is a three-terminal programmable shunt voltage reference IC with 2.495 V nominal reference voltage, ±0.4% initial tolerance (TL431B grade), 0.22 Ω typical dynamic impedance, 1.0–100 mA sink current capability, and 50 ppm/°C typical temperature coefficient. It replaces discrete Zener diodes in precision feedback loops for AC-DC adapters, op-amp references, and overvoltage protection circuits.
For engineers reviewing the TL431ACLPR5 datasheet, TL431ACLPR5 pinout, TL431ACLPR5 application, or TL431ACLPR5 equivalent, key selection criteria include its TO-92 package compatibility, 2.5 V reference stability across 0°C to +70°C ambient, low-noise operation, and programmability up to 36 V using two external resistors.
Technical Context
The TL431ACLPR5 implements an internally compensated bandgap reference with a 1.78 V core and precision error amplifier. Its output is controlled via the reference (R) pin, enabling programmable regulation by comparing a resistor-divided cathode voltage against the internal 2.495 V threshold.
It operates as a shunt regulator: when cathode-to-anode voltage exceeds the programmed threshold, it sinks current from cathode to anode to maintain regulation. Stability depends critically on load capacitance and external resistor values, with defined boundary conditions for 0.01 µF–100 µF capacitive loads.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495 V nominal; enables stable 5 V logic-derived references and precise programmable outputs from 2.5 V to 36 V. |
| Initial Tolerance | ±0.4% at 25°C (TL431B grade); ensures tight output accuracy without trimming in production power supplies. |
| Dynamic Impedance | 0.22 Ω typical; maintains low output impedance under 1–100 mA load variation for stable feedback control. |
| Operating Current Range | 1.0 mA to 100 mA cathode sink current; supports wide-range biasing in both low-power monitoring and high-current shunt applications. |
| Temp Coefficient | 50 ppm/°C typical; guarantees ≤30 mV total drift over full 0°C to +70°C operating range for industrial-grade stability. |
| Max Cathode Voltage | 37 V; allows direct use in 24 V and 36 V systems without external clamping or level-shifting circuitry. |
| Off-State Leakage | ≤1000 nA at 36 V cathode-anode; minimizes quiescent current in battery-backed or energy-sensitive designs. |
Pinout & Package
TL431ACLPR5 uses the TO-92 (Case 29) plastic package - a through-hole, 3-pin, axial-leaded package with 2.42 mm max height and 4.45–5.20 mm body length. It is RoHS-compliant, Pb-free, and rated for 0°C to +70°C ambient operation.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (Reference) | Feedback input | High-impedance node connected to resistor divider; regulates cathode voltage when current into this pin is ≤6.5 µA. |
| Pin 2 (Anode) | Current return path | Connected to system ground or negative rail; completes shunt current path from cathode through internal transistor. |
| Pin 3 (Cathode) | Regulated output terminal | Sinks adjustable current to maintain programmed voltage; must be biased above reference voltage to activate regulation. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Programmable output voltage | Set from 2.5 V to 36 V using two external resistors - eliminates need for multiple fixed-voltage references. |
| Low dynamic output impedance | 0.22 Ω typical ensures minimal output voltage shift under load transients in closed-loop SMPS feedback. |
| Wide sink current range | 1.0–100 mA operation supports both microamp-level sensing and >50 mA crowbar/trip functions. |
| Temperature-compensated reference | 50 ppm/°C TC and guaranteed 30 mV max drift over 0°C–70°C enable reliable performance in unheated enclosures. |
| Low output noise | Sub-10 µV/√Hz spectral density below 10 kHz improves signal integrity in precision analog measurement front-ends. |
Applications
| AC-DC Adapter Feedback | Overvoltage Crowbar Protection |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Regulating 12 V output in isolated flyback converter with optocoupler feedback loop. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt reference providing precise voltage comparison at secondary-side error amplifier input. Use Value: Enables ±1% output regulation across line/load/temperature with no external trim components. | Use Scenario: Triggering SCR-based shutdown when 24 V rail exceeds 26.5 V due to regulator failure. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision voltage threshold detector driving gate of high-voltage SCR. Use Value: Accurate 26.5 V trip point (±0.1 V) prevents false triggering while ensuring fast response to overvoltage events. |
| Op-Amp Reference Source | Constant Current Sink |
Use Scenario: Providing stable 2.5 V bias for instrumentation amplifier in portable data logger. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-drift, low-noise voltage reference replacing 2.5 V Zener diode in analog signal chain. Use Value: Delivers 2.5 V ±0.01 V over temperature, reducing offset drift in 16-bit ADC measurements. | Use Scenario: Sinking constant 20 mA from LED string in automotive interior lighting module. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable current regulator using cathode as current-sink node with sense resistor. Use Value: Maintains 20 mA ±0.5% over 12–16 V input range and −40°C to +85°C ambient (with derating). |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar shunt reference applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431ACLP | Same TO-92 package, identical electrical specs, but supplied in bulk bag (2000 units) vs. tape-and-reel (2000 units). | No functional difference; differs only in packaging format and reel orientation marking. | Select TL431ACLPR5 for automated pick-and-place compatibility; choose TL431ACLP for manual prototyping or low-volume hand assembly. |
| TL431BCLPR5 | Same TO-92 package and pinout, but ±0.4% tolerance (B grade) vs. ±1.0% (A grade); otherwise identical parametric performance. | Higher-accuracy regulation required in precision power supplies or calibration equipment where <0.5% output error is mandatory. | Choose TL431BCLPR5 when tighter initial tolerance justifies cost premium; TL431ACLPR5 remains optimal for cost-sensitive industrial adapters. |
Compared with TL431ACLP and TL431BCLPR5, TL431ACLPR5 offers tape-and-reel delivery for SMT assembly while maintaining A-grade tolerance - balancing manufacturability, accuracy, and cost for mid-volume AC-DC and industrial power applications.
Availability
TL431ACLPR5 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for AC-DC adapters, industrial power supplies, and embedded voltage monitoring systems requiring stable component supply, consistent lead-time visibility, and long-term lifecycle support.
Supply support for TL431ACLPR5 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
onsemi (formerly ON Semiconductor) is a global semiconductor supplier delivering energy-efficient, intelligent power and sensing solutions for automotive, industrial, cloud, medical, and IoT applications.
The TL431 series belongs to onsemi's precision analog portfolio, designed specifically for programmable voltage regulation, feedback control, and overvoltage protection in cost-sensitive, high-reliability power systems.
FAQ
What is the reference voltage tolerance of TL431ACLPR5 at 25°C?
The TL431ACLPR5 has a ±1.0% initial reference voltage tolerance at 25°C, corresponding to a 2.495 V nominal value with ±25 mV deviation. This A-grade specification is confirmed in the Electrical Characteristics table for TL431AC devices under TA = 25°C test conditions, and applies directly to the TL431ACLPR5 variant per onsemi's ordering information.
Can TL431ACLPR5 be used as a negative voltage reference?
Yes, TL431ACLPR5 can function as a negative voltage reference by reversing its connection: tie the anode to the negative rail and the cathode to ground, then feed the reference pin from a resistor divider referenced to the negative supply. Its shunt architecture supports bidirectional polarity, enabling stable −2.5 V to −36 V programmable references in dual-rail systems.
What is the minimum cathode current required for regulation in TL431ACLPR5?
The TL431ACLPR5 requires a minimum cathode current of 0.5 mA to maintain regulation, as specified in the Electrical Characteristics table under "Minimum Cathode Current For Regulation" (Imin). Below this threshold, the device exits regulation mode and cathode voltage rises uncontrollably - critical for designing startup bias networks in low-power SMPS controllers.
Does TL431ACLPR5 require an external capacitor for stability?
TL431ACLPR5 does not require an external capacitor for basic DC regulation, but stability with capacitive loads depends on value and placement. Per Figure 15 of the datasheet, loads between 0.01 µF and 100 µF may cause oscillation unless compensated. For >10 nF loads, a series resistor (e.g., 10 Ω) between cathode and capacitor is recommended to ensure phase margin >45° in feedback applications.
What is the maximum power dissipation of TL431ACLPR5 in TO-92 package at 25°C ambient?
The TL431ACLPR5 in TO-92 (LP suffix) package has a maximum power dissipation of 0.70 W at TA = 25°C, derating linearly at 5.6 mW/°C above 25°C ambient. This limit assumes standard PCB layout with 1 in² copper pour; actual thermal performance depends on board copper area, airflow, and mounting orientation per Case 29 thermal resistance (RJA = 178°C/W).
TL431ACLPR5 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package/Case:
- -
- Series:
- *
- Packaging:
- Bulk
- Product Status:
- Active
- Reference Type:
- -
- Output Type:
- -
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- -
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- -
- Current - Output:
- -
- Tolerance:
- -
- Temperature Coefficient:
- -
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- -
- Supplier Device Package:
- -
TL431ACLPR5 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TL431ACLPR5 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TL431ACLPR5 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TL431ACLPR5 reliable?
The price and inventory of TL431ACLPR5 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TL431ACLPR5 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TL431ACLPR5?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TL431ACLPR5 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TL431ACLPR5?
TL431ACLPR5 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TL431ACLPR5 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TL431ACLPR5?
For technical support, including TL431ACLPR5 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TL431ACLPR5 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TL431ACLPR5 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TL431ACLPR5 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TL431ACLPR5 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TL431ACLPR5?
All TL431ACLPR5 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TL431ACLPR5, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TL431ACLPR5 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TL431ACLPR5:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
TL431ACLPR5 Tags
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TL431AIDBZR
Texas Instruments
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TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
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AN431AN-ATRG1
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LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
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LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
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LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LBNTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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LM4040D20IDBZR
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LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
Texas Instruments
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LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
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LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
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AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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