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Texas Instruments TL431CLPM
- Part No.:
- TL431CLPM
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
TL431CLPM.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 2.2% TO92-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,956
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Product details
Overview
TL431CLPM from Texas Instruments is a precision programmable shunt voltage reference IC with 1% initial tolerance at 25°C, adjustable output from 2.5 V to 36 V, and operation across −40°C to 85°C. It delivers 0.2 Ω typical dynamic impedance, 1–100 mA sink-current capability, and low output noise-used in feedback loops of AC/DC converters, servo drive control modules, and notebook PC power adapters.
For engineers reviewing the TL431CLPM datasheet, TL431CLPM pinout, TL431CLPM application, or TL431CLPM equivalent, this page provides verified electrical specs, thermal behavior, stability boundaries, real-world use cases, and validated alternative parts for industrial power supply design and embedded regulation.
Technical Context
The TL431CLPM implements a three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator architecture with an internal 2.495 V reference, error amplifier, and NPN output stage. Its sharp turn-on characteristic and active output circuitry enable Zener diode replacement in closed-loop regulation without external compensation in many configurations.
It operates as a two-input (REF, ANODE), one-output (CATHODE) device where the REF pin senses voltage relative to ANODE, and CATHODE sinks current to maintain regulation. Stability depends on load capacitance, cathode voltage, and sink current-verified via TI's published boundary curves for TL431I-grade devices.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495 V nominal (1% tolerance at 25°C); sets precise regulation threshold for feedback networks. |
| Output Voltage Range | 2.5 V to 36 V (adjustable via two external resistors); supports wide-range power supply designs. |
| Operating Temperature | −40°C to +85°C (I-grade); qualified for industrial environments including AC inverters and servo drives. |
| Dynamic Impedance | 0.2 Ω typical (≤0.5 Ω max); ensures stable regulation under fast load transients. |
| Sink Current Range | 1 mA to 100 mA; enables direct interface with optocouplers and PWM controllers in isolated SMPS. |
| Reference Input Current | 2–4 µA typical; minimizes resistor-divider loading error in high-impedance feedback paths. |
| Temp Drift (VI(dev)) | 14–34 mV over full range; corresponds to ~25 ppm/°C average TC for I-grade variants. |
Pinout & Package
TL431CLPM is housed in an 8-pin SOIC (Small Outline Integrated Circuit) package with 4.90 mm × 3.90 mm body size and standard 1.27 mm lead pitch. Pin 1 is CATHODE, Pin 2 is REF, Pin 3 is ANODE; Pins 4–8 are NC (no internal connection).
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| CATHODE (Pin 1) | Shunt current output node | Sinks regulated current to maintain voltage at REF; connects to primary-side optocoupler LED or error amplifier output. |
| REF (Pin 2) | Reference input | Senses voltage relative to ANODE; threshold for regulation activation (2.495 V ±1%). |
| ANODE (Pin 3) | Common return path | Typically grounded or tied to system common; serves as reference point for REF and CATHODE voltages. |
| Pins 4–8 | No internal connection | Unused; must remain unconnected or floating-no routing or PCB copper required. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adjustable shunt regulation | Enables precise, resistor-programmable output from 2.5 V to 36 V without trimming or calibration. |
| Low dynamic impedance | 0.2 Ω typical ensures minimal output voltage deviation during load steps in SMPS feedback loops. |
| Industrial temperature grade | −40°C to +85°C operation supports reliability in rack servers, motor drives, and industrial AC/DC supplies. |
| Low reference input current | 2–4 µA reduces divider resistor power loss and improves accuracy in high-resistance feedback networks. |
| Zener diode replacement | Sharp turn-on and active output eliminate need for high-power Zeners in precision regulation applications. |
Applications
| Rack Server Power Supply | Industrial AC/DC Converter |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage regulation in 1U server PSUs with isolated feedback via optocoupler. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt reference providing precise 3.3 V or 5 V feedback to PWM controller through optocoupler LED. Use Value: 1% initial tolerance and 0.2 Ω impedance ensure tight output voltage regulation (<±1%) under varying line/load conditions. |
Use Scenario: Output voltage sensing and regulation in 300 W industrial AC/DC front-end supplies. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt reference setting regulated DC bus voltage (e.g., 24 V or 48 V) in closed-loop control. Use Value: Wide 2.5–36 V adjustability and −40°C to +85°C operation support flexible, field-deployable power designs. |
| Servo Drive Control Module | Notebook PC Power Adapter |
Use Scenario: Feedback reference for auxiliary 12 V or 15 V rails powering gate drivers and logic in servo amplifiers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision shunt reference stabilizing isolated auxiliary outputs used for IGBT/MOSFET biasing and microcontroller supply. Use Value: Low temp drift (14–34 mV over range) maintains regulation accuracy across motor enclosure temperature swings. |
Use Scenario: Output voltage regulation in compact 65 W notebook adapters with flyback topology. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Programmable reference setting 19.5 V or 20 V output while interfacing with optocoupler-based isolation. Use Value: 100 mA sink capability drives optocoupler LEDs directly without buffer stages, reducing BOM count and board space. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar shunt reference applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431ACLP | Same SOIC-8 package and pinout; 1% tolerance but C-grade (0°C to 70°C) instead of I-grade. | Limited to commercial-temperature applications; unsuitable for industrial servo drives or outdoor equipment. | Select TL431ACLP only if ambient operating temperature stays within 0°C–70°C and cost is prioritized over extended temp range. |
| TL431BIPK | SOT-89-3 package; 0.5% tolerance and I-grade (−40°C to 85°C); same electrical specs but different footprint and thermal resistance (RθJA = 52°C/W). | Higher power density and better thermal performance in space-constrained designs; requires PCB layout change. | Choose TL431BIPK when higher accuracy (0.5%) and improved thermal dissipation are needed, and SOT-89 layout is acceptable. |
Compared with TL431CLPM, TL431ACLP trades temperature range for lower cost, while TL431BIPK offers tighter tolerance and superior thermal performance in a smaller, thermally optimized package-enabling higher reliability in thermally demanding industrial power systems.
Availability
TL431CLPM is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for rack server power supplies, industrial AC/DC converters, and servo drive control modules requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and traceable sourcing.
Supply support for TL431CLPM includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog and embedded processing technologies, with decades of expertise in precision analog ICs and power management solutions.
The TL431 product line was designed for high-accuracy, low-drift voltage regulation in isolated and non-isolated power supplies-targeting industrial, computing, and consumer power applications where Zener alternatives lack precision or stability.
FAQ
What is the reference voltage tolerance of TL431CLPM at 25°C?
The TL431CLPM has a reference voltage tolerance of ±1% at 25°C, corresponding to a nominal 2.495 V output with minimum 2.470 V and maximum 2.520 V. This A-grade specification is confirmed in Section 6.8 of the TI SLVS543S datasheet and applies specifically to the CLPM variant with SOIC-8 packaging and I-temperature rating.
Does TL431CLPM require external capacitors for stability?
Yes, TL431CLPM stability depends on load capacitance, cathode voltage, and sink current. Figure 6-18 in the TI datasheet defines oscillation boundaries-e.g., at VKA = 10 V and IKA = 10 mA, stability requires CL < 0.1 µF. Always verify phase margin using TI's published stability curves or SPICE models before final layout.
Can TL431CLPM replace a Zener diode directly in existing circuits?
TL431CLPM can replace Zener diodes in most shunt regulation applications, but requires two external resistors to set output voltage and proper grounding of the ANODE pin. Unlike passive Zeners, it draws 2–4 µA reference current and exhibits active turn-on behavior-so verify loop gain and transient response in the target circuit.
What is the maximum cathode voltage rating for TL431CLPM?
The absolute maximum cathode voltage (VKA) for TL431CLPM is 37 V, referenced to the ANODE pin. The recommended operating range is Vref to 36 V. Exceeding 37 V risks permanent damage, and operation near the limit requires derating based on power dissipation and thermal resistance (RθJA = 97°C/W for SOIC-8).
Is TL431CLPM pin-compatible with other TL431 variants in SOIC-8 packages?
Yes, TL431CLPM shares identical pinout (CATHODE–REF–ANODE on Pins 1–2–3) and SOIC-8 footprint with all TL431x variants in the D-package-including TL431ACLP, TL431BCP, and TL431I variants. Pin compatibility is confirmed in Table 5-1 and Figure 5-1 of the TI datasheet.
TL431CLPM Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Cut Tape (CT)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.495V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±2.2%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- -
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 1 mA
- Operating Temperature:
- 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92-3
TL431CLPM FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TL431CLPM through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TL431CLPM on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TL431CLPM reliable?
The price and inventory of TL431CLPM are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TL431CLPM is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TL431CLPM?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TL431CLPM transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TL431CLPM?
TL431CLPM orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TL431CLPM order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TL431CLPM?
For technical support, including TL431CLPM datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TL431CLPM requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TL431CLPM is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TL431CLPM products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TL431CLPM meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TL431CLPM?
All TL431CLPM units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TL431CLPM, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TL431CLPM part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TL431CLPM:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
TL431CLPM Tags
-
TL431AIDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
AN431AN-ATRG1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LBNTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040D20IDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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