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Texas Instruments TL432AIPK
- Part No.:
- TL432AIPK
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-243AA
- Datasheet:
-
TL432AIPK.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 1% SOT89-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:7,932
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Product details
Overview
TL432AIPK from Texas Instruments is a precision programmable shunt voltage reference in SOT-89 package, delivering 2.495 V nominal reference voltage with ±1% initial tolerance at 25°C, −40°C to +85°C operating range, 0.2 Ω typical dynamic impedance, and 1–100 mA sink-current capability for feedback regulation in isolated DC/DC converters.
For engineers reviewing the TL432AIPK datasheet, TL432AIPK pinout, TL432AIPK application, or TL432AIPK equivalent, this page provides verified electrical specs, thermal performance data, pin-function mapping for PK package, and validated alternative options for industrial power supply design and voltage monitoring circuits.
Technical Context
The TL432AIPK implements a three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator architecture with an internal error amplifier, reference cell, and output transistor - enabling precise voltage setting from 2.495 V to 36 V using two external resistors. Its sharp turn-on characteristic and low output impedance make it functionally distinct from Zener diodes in closed-loop regulation.
Unlike the TL431, the TL432 family uses inverted pinout in PK (SOT-89) packaging: Pin 1 = REF, Pin 2 = ANODE, Pin 3 = CATHODE - requiring layout verification when replacing TL431-based designs. It shares identical electrical specifications with TL431AI but differs in terminal assignment and thermal resistance (RθJA = 52°C/W).
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495 V (nominal), ±1% tolerance at 25°C - sets accurate feedback threshold for power supply error amplifiers |
| Operating Temperature | −40°C to +85°C - supports industrial-grade operation without derating in ambient-constrained enclosures |
| Dynamic Impedance | 0.2 Ω typical - ensures stable regulation under fast load transients in switching converter feedback paths |
| Sink Current Range | 1 mA to 100 mA - enables direct interface with optocoupler LEDs or error amplifier outputs without buffering |
| Reference Input Current | 2–4 µA - minimizes resistor-divider loading error, allowing high-value feedback networks for low quiescent current |
| Temp Drift (VI(dev)) | 14 mV max over full range - corresponds to ~100 ppm/°C drift, suitable for systems requiring <0.5% total output variation |
| Cathode Voltage Range | VREF to 36 V - supports wide-input isolated flyback and forward converter topologies with single-part feedback |
Pinout & Package
SOT-89 (PK) package: 3-pin surface-mount, 4.5 mm × 2.5 mm body, exposed thermal pad (connected to ANODE), 1.5 mm height, JEDEC MO-220 compliant.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (REF) | Reference input | High-impedance node sensing voltage divider output; connects to feedback network midpoint |
| Pin 2 (ANODE) | Common return | Internally tied to substrate; must be connected to system ground or low-side return path |
| Pin 3 (CATHODE) | Shunt current output | Sinks regulated current into optocoupler LED or error amp; voltage here determines output regulation point |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adjustable output voltage | 2.495 V to 36 V via two-resistor divider - eliminates need for multiple fixed references across product variants |
| Low output noise | Sub-20 µVPP (0.1–10 Hz), <100 nV/√Hz @ 1 kHz - preserves signal integrity in precision analog feedback loops |
| Thermal stability | 14 mV max deviation over −40°C to +85°C - meets industrial temp grade requirements without external compensation |
| Fast turn-on response | <1 µs rise time (Figure 6-14) - maintains regulation during rapid line/load steps in SMPS applications |
| ESD robustness | ±2000 V HBM - withstands handling and board-level ESD events without latch-up or parameter shift |
Applications
| Rack Server Power | Industrial AC/DC Converter |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage regulation in isolated 48 V–12 V DC/DC modules for telecom/datacom servers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt reference providing feedback to optocoupler-driven primary controller for tight output voltage accuracy. Use Value: ±1% initial tolerance and 14 mV temp drift ensure <±1.5% total output variation across temperature and line, meeting IEC 62368-1 compliance. |
Use Scenario: Output voltage stabilization in 3 kW industrial AC/DC front-end supplies with PFC + LLC stages. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision reference in secondary-side error amplifier loop, interfacing with TLV431-class comparator or microcontroller ADC reference. Use Value: 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance prevents oscillation under 100 µF–1000 µF bulk capacitance, validated per Figure 6-18 stability boundaries. |
| AC Inverter Drive | Servo Drive Control Module |
Use Scenario: DC bus voltage monitoring and overvoltage protection threshold generation in 3-phase VFDs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt reference feeding comparator input to trigger shutdown when bus exceeds safe limit (e.g., 800 V). Use Value: 36 V cathode rating allows direct use with resistive divider scaling; 100 mA sink capacity drives logic-level MOSFET gate directly. |
Use Scenario: Reference source for current-sense amplifier offset calibration and motor phase voltage scaling in servo amplifiers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Stable 2.495 V reference for 16-bit DACs and sigma-delta ADCs in closed-loop torque control. Use Value: Low 2–4 µA input current avoids gain error in high-impedance sensor signal chains; SOT-89 thermal pad aids heat dissipation near power stage. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar shunt reference applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431AIPK | Same A-grade tolerance and temperature range, but TL431 pinout (REF–ANODE–CATHODE vs TL432's REF–ANODE–CATHODE inversion) | Requires PCB layout change due to reversed CATHODE/ANODE pins; not drop-in compatible | Select only if redesigning for TL431 footprint or leveraging existing TL431 layout assets |
| TLVH431AQDBVR | Lower 1.24 V reference, 2.5% tolerance, SOT-23-5 package, 30 V max cathode voltage | Better suited for low-voltage battery-powered systems; insufficient for 36 V industrial rails | Choose when reference voltage <2.0 V is required and 36 V cathode rating is unnecessary |
Compared with TL431AIPK, TL432AIPK offers identical electrical performance but mandates pinout-aware layout; versus TLVH431AQDBVR, it delivers higher voltage range and tighter tolerance at the cost of larger SOT-89 footprint and higher minimum cathode current.
Availability
TL432AIPK is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for rack server power, industrial AC/DC converters, and servo drive control modules requiring stable component supply across extended temperature ranges and long production lifecycles.
Supply support for TL432AIPK includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management ICs, with decades of heritage in precision reference design and industrial-grade reliability.
The TL43x family was engineered for high-accuracy, low-drift voltage regulation in safety-critical power systems - targeting industrial, automotive, and telecom infrastructure where long-term stability and thermal resilience are mandatory.
FAQ
What is the exact pin configuration of TL432AIPK in the SOT-89 (PK) package?
The TL432AIPK uses Pin 1 = REF, Pin 2 = ANODE (substrate-connected), Pin 3 = CATHODE. This inverted pinout differs from TL431 devices, where Pin 1 is CATHODE. Always verify against TI's SLVS543S Figure 5-1 to avoid misconnection during layout or assembly. The ANODE must be tied to system ground or low-side return.
Does TL432AIPK support operation up to 125°C?
No - TL432AIPK is rated for −40°C to +85°C (I-grade). For 125°C operation, select TL432BQPK or TL432AQPK (Q-grade). The 'I' suffix in TL432AIPK explicitly denotes the industrial temperature range, confirmed in Section 4 Device Comparison Table and Section 6.6 Electrical Characteristics.
Can TL432AIPK replace a Zener diode in a linear regulator feedback loop?
Yes - TL432AIPK replaces Zener diodes with superior performance: 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance vs typical 10–100 Ω for Zeners, ±1% initial accuracy vs ±5% for standard Zeners, and sharp turn-on reduces regulation hysteresis. Its 2.495 V reference also enables tighter output tolerances than common 2.4 V or 2.7 V Zeners.
What is the minimum cathode current required for regulation in TL432AIPK?
The TL432AIPK requires ≥0.4 mA (typical) and ≤0.7 mA (max) cathode current to maintain regulation, per Section 6.9 Electrical Characteristics. Below this, the device exits regulation and cathode voltage rises toward cathode supply rail. Designers must ensure feedback network and optocoupler LED current exceed this threshold across all operating conditions.
How does TL432AIPK differ electrically from TL431AIPK?
TL432AIPK and TL431AIPK share identical electrical specs - same reference voltage (2.495 V), tolerance (±1%), temperature drift (14 mV), dynamic impedance (0.2 Ω), and sink-current range (1–100 mA). Their sole difference is pinout inversion in PK package, making them functionally equivalent but not physically interchangeable without layout modification.
TL432AIPK Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package/Case:
- TO-243AA
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.495V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±1%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- -
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 80 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- SOT-89-3
TL432AIPK FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TL432AIPK through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TL432AIPK on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TL432AIPK reliable?
The price and inventory of TL432AIPK are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TL432AIPK is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TL432AIPK?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TL432AIPK transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TL432AIPK?
TL432AIPK orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TL432AIPK order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TL432AIPK?
For technical support, including TL432AIPK datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TL432AIPK requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TL432AIPK is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TL432AIPK products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TL432AIPK meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TL432AIPK?
All TL432AIPK units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TL432AIPK, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TL432AIPK part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TL432AIPK:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
TL432AIPK Tags
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TL431AIDBZR
Texas Instruments
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TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
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AN431AN-ATRG1
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LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
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LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
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LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LBNTR-G1
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LM4040D20IDBZR
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LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
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LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
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LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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