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Texas Instruments TL432QPK
- Part No.:
- TL432QPK
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-243AA
- Datasheet:
-
TL432QPK.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 2.2% SOT89-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:3,000
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Product details
Overview
TL432QPK from Texas Instruments is a precision programmable shunt voltage reference in SOT-89 package, delivering 2.495 V nominal reference voltage with ±0.5% initial tolerance (B grade), 14–34 mV total temperature drift over −40°C to +125°C, and 0.2 Ω typical dynamic impedance - used for feedback regulation in high-reliability AC/DC and servo drive power supplies.
For engineers reviewing the TL432QPK datasheet, TL432QPK pinout, TL432QPK application, or TL432QPK equivalent, this page provides verified electrical specs, thermal performance at automotive-grade temperature range, SOT-89 terminal mapping, and validated alternative options for industrial power control designs.
Technical Context
The TL432QPK implements a three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator architecture with an internal error amplifier, reference, and output transistor. It operates as a precision voltage-controlled current sink, where cathode current (IKA) is regulated by comparing REF-to-ANODE voltage against an internal 2.495 V bandgap reference.
Unlike the TL431, the TL432QPK uses a distinct pinout: Pin 1 = REF, Pin 2 = ANODE, Pin 3 = CATHODE - enabling direct integration into compact, thermally demanding layouts without requiring PCB redesign when replacing legacy TL431 variants in Q-temp applications.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Reference Voltage | 2.495 V (nominal); ±0.5% initial accuracy at 25°C ensures tight output regulation in closed-loop SMPS feedback paths. |
| Temperature Range | −40°C to +125°C (Q-grade); qualified for under-hood automotive and industrial motor drive environments. |
| Temp Drift (VI(dev)) | 14–34 mV over full range; enables stable reference performance without external compensation in wide-temperature systems. |
| Dynamic Impedance | 0.2 Ω typical; minimizes output voltage perturbation during transient load steps in high-bandwidth power control loops. |
| Cathode Current Range | 1 mA to 100 mA; supports direct sinking of optocoupler LEDs or error amplifier inputs without external buffering. |
| Output Noise | Low broadband noise (<260 nV/√Hz @ 1 kHz); critical for low-noise analog feedback in precision DC-DC converters. |
| Thermal Resistance | RθJA = 52 °C/W (SOT-89); allows >1 W dissipation at TA = 85°C with minimal heatsinking in space-constrained modules. |
Pinout & Package
SOT-89 (PK) package: 3-pin surface-mount, 4.5 mm × 2.5 mm body, exposed thermal pad (connected to ANODE), rated for 1.5 W max power dissipation at TA ≤ 85°C.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Pin 1 (REF) | Reference input | High-impedance node (2–4 µA input current); connects to resistor divider midpoint to set output voltage between 2.5 V and 36 V. |
| Pin 2 (ANODE) | Common return | Internally tied to substrate; must be connected to system ground or low-side return path; serves as thermal conduction path. |
| Pin 3 (CATHODE) | Current-sink output | Drives feedback signal into optocoupler or error amp; sinks up to 100 mA; voltage swing limited to VKA = VREF to 36 V. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Sharp turn-on characteristic | Enables clean switching behavior in overvoltage protection circuits without hysteresis-induced oscillation. |
| Low output impedance | 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance maintains regulation stability even with fast-changing load currents in servo power stages. |
| Automotive-grade qualification | Q-temp rating (−40°C to +125°C) meets AEC-Q100 stress test requirements for under-hood power modules. |
| Pinout differentiation from TL431 | REF–ANODE–CATHODE order avoids misconnection risk in new designs while enabling drop-in replacement in existing TL432 layouts. |
| Stable operation with capacitive loads | Validated stability up to 100 µF CL across full IKA range, simplifying EMI filter integration in AC/DC front-ends. |
Applications
| Rack Server Power | Industrial AC/DC Converter |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Primary-side feedback regulation in 1U server PSUs with multi-rail outputs and PMBus telemetry. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt reference providing precise voltage threshold for optocoupler-coupled error amplification loop. Use Value: ±0.5% initial tolerance and <34 mV temp drift ensure <±1% output voltage deviation across full operating temperature envelope. |
Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage regulation in DIN-rail mounted 24 V/48 V industrial power supplies. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt reference setting output voltage via resistor divider; sinks optocoupler LED current. Use Value: 0.2 Ω dynamic impedance suppresses ripple coupling into feedback path, improving load regulation to ±0.25%. |
| AC Inverter Drive | Servo Drive Control Module |
Use Scenario: DC bus voltage monitoring and overvoltage protection in 3-phase VFDs with regenerative braking. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision voltage comparator input reference for fast-response protection circuitry. Use Value: Sharp turn-on and low noise enable reliable trip detection within 10 µs of overvoltage event at 750 V DC bus. |
Use Scenario: Isolated feedback for dual-loop (current/voltage) control in high-bandwidth servo amplifiers. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Stable reference source for isolated ADC biasing and DAC output scaling in motion controller PCBs. Use Value: RθJA = 52 °C/W allows direct mounting on heatsink-equipped motor driver boards without derating at 125°C ambient. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar shunt reference applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431QPK | Same Q-temp rating and SOT-89 package, but TL431 pinout (CATHODE–REF–ANODE); requires PCB layout change. | Compatible in same thermal and electrical environments, but REF pin position differs - not pin-compatible. | Select TL431QPK only if reusing legacy TL431-based board designs; TL432QPK preferred for new layouts requiring REF-first routing. |
| TLVH431QDBVR | Lower 1.24 V reference, 1% initial tolerance, SOT-23-5 package; higher supply rejection (>60 dB), lower Iref (100 nA). | Better suited for low-voltage, low-power systems (e.g., battery monitors); not interchangeable above 12 V output. | Choose TLVH431QDBVR when designing <15 V regulated rails with ultra-low quiescent current; TL432QPK remains optimal for 24–48 V industrial rails. |
Compared with TL431QPK, TL432QPK offers identical thermal and accuracy specs but eliminates layout risk via REF-first pinout; versus TLVH431QDBVR, it delivers higher reference voltage and superior sink current capability for industrial power feedback loops.
Availability
TL432QPK is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for rack server power, industrial AC/DC converters, and servo drive control modules requiring stable component supply across extended temperature ranges and long production lifecycles.
Supply support for TL432QPK includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management ICs, with decades of expertise in precision reference and power control technologies.
The TL432 product line was designed specifically for high-reliability shunt regulation in automotive, industrial, and telecom power systems - emphasizing thermal robustness, long-term stability, and ease of implementation in isolated feedback architectures.
FAQ
What is the reference voltage tolerance of TL432QPK at 25°C?
The TL432QPK has a ±0.5% initial reference voltage tolerance at 25°C (B-grade specification), corresponding to a 2.495 V nominal value with a min/max range of 2.483 V to 2.507 V. This tolerance is confirmed in Section 6.13 of the TI SLVS543S datasheet for TL432BQ devices, which includes the TL432QPK variant.
How does TL432QPK differ from TL431QPK in pin configuration?
The TL432QPK uses REF–ANODE–CATHODE pin order (Pin 1–2–3), whereas TL431QPK uses CATHODE–REF–ANODE. This difference prevents accidental substitution without layout revision. Both share identical electrical specs and Q-temp rating, but TL432QPK's pinout simplifies REF node routing in new designs.
What is the maximum cathode current supported by TL432QPK?
The TL432QPK supports a continuous cathode current (IKA) range of 1 mA to 100 mA per the Recommended Operating Conditions table (Section 6.4) and Electrical Characteristics (Section 6.7). Absolute maximum rating allows 150 mA briefly, but sustained operation above 100 mA requires thermal derating based on RθJA = 52 °C/W.
Can TL432QPK operate reliably at 125°C ambient temperature?
Yes - the TL432QPK is explicitly characterized for operation from −40°C to +125°C (Q-grade), with all electrical parameters guaranteed across that full range. Its SOT-89 package achieves RθJA = 52 °C/W, enabling safe operation at 125°C ambient when power dissipation remains ≤1.0 W (per PD = (TJmax − TA)/θJA, TJmax = 150°C).
What is the dynamic impedance of TL432QPK and why does it matter?
The TL432QPK has a typical dynamic impedance |ZKA| of 0.2 Ω (Section 6.7), measured at f ≤ 1 kHz with IKA = 1–100 mA. This low value ensures minimal output voltage variation during rapid cathode current transients - critical for maintaining regulation accuracy in switching power supplies with high-frequency ripple or load steps.
TL432QPK Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Package/Case:
- TO-243AA
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 2.495V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 36 V
- Current - Output:
- 100 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±2.2%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- -
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 80 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- SOT-89-3
TL432QPK FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TL432QPK through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TL432QPK on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TL432QPK reliable?
The price and inventory of TL432QPK are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TL432QPK is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TL432QPK?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TL432QPK transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TL432QPK?
TL432QPK orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TL432QPK order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TL432QPK?
For technical support, including TL432QPK datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TL432QPK requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TL432QPK is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TL432QPK products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TL432QPK meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TL432QPK?
All TL432QPK units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TL432QPK, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TL432QPK part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TL432QPK:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
TL432QPK Tags
-
TL431AIDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
TL431BQDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
AN431AN-ATRG1
Diodes Incorporated
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LM4040CYM3-2.5-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040CYM3-4.1-TR
Microchip Technology
-
LM4040EIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LBNTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
-
LM4040D20IDBZR
Texas Instruments
-
LM4041DIM3-ADJ/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
Texas Instruments
-
AZ431LANTR-G1
Diodes Incorporated
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