Texas Instruments TPS25221DRVT

Overview

TPS25221DRVT from Texas Instruments is a 2.5-V to 5.5-V, 2-A continuous current-limited power distribution switch in WSON-6 package, featuring programmable current limit (0.275 A to 2.7 A ±6.5% at 1.7 A), 70-mΩ typical R_DS(on), 1.5-µs short-circuit response, and reverse current blocking when disabled - used for USB port protection in laptops and HDTVs.

For engineers reviewing the TPS25221DRVT datasheet, TPS25221DRVT pinout, TPS25221DRVT application, or TPS25221DRVT equivalent, key selection criteria include adjustable overcurrent threshold via external resistor, 8-ms fault deglitching, thermal shutdown with 20°C hysteresis, UL 60950/62368 recognition, and IEC 61000-4-2 ±15-kV ESD protection with external capacitance.

Technical Context

The TPS25221DRVT integrates an internal charge pump to drive its N-channel MOSFET gate above source potential, enabling full enhancement down to 2.5-V input. Its current-sense amplifier monitors load current continuously and forces the FET into saturation during overcurrent, maintaining constant output current while reducing V_OUT.

It implements dual thermal protection: 145°C current-limit-triggered shutdown (with 20°C hysteresis) and 165°C absolute junction shutdown. Fault reporting uses an active-low open-drain FAULT pin with unidirectional 8-ms deglitching - asserted immediately on overtemperature but delayed for overcurrent to suppress transients.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

TPS25221DRVT uses the WSON-6 (2.00 mm × 2.00 mm) package with exposed thermal pad internally connected to GND. The pad must be externally soldered to a GND copper pour for thermal and electrical integrity.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar current-limiting power switch applications.

Compared with TPS25221DRVT, TPS2553DBVR trades lower thermal performance and missing reverse blocking for smaller footprint, while TPS259211RGER adds digital control and wider current range at higher BOM cost and complexity - TPS25221DRVT remains optimal for cost-sensitive, thermally demanding USB port protection with analog simplicity.

Availability

TPS25221DRVT is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for USB port protection, HDTV auxiliary power, and set-top box charging applications requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and traceable sourcing.

Supply support for TPS25221DRVT includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company delivering analog and embedded processing solutions, with leadership in power management ICs and broad distribution infrastructure.

The TPS25221DRVT belongs to TI's USB power switch product line, designed specifically for robust, standards-compliant protection of downstream-facing USB ports in consumer and computing equipment.

FAQ

What is the recommended R_ILIM value to set TPS25221DRVT current limit to 1.5 A?

The TPS25221DRVT current limit is set by an external resistor from ILIM to GND. For a nominal 1.5-A limit, a 45.7-kΩ 1% resistor yields 1.5 A at 25°C (per Figure 24 and Equation 1). At –40°C to 125°C, the actual limit ranges from ~1.42 A to ~1.58 A due to temperature coefficient. Use 45.3-kΩ or 46.4-kΩ for tighter tolerance across temperature.

Does TPS25221DRVT require an external capacitor on the ILIM pin?

No, the TPS25221DRVT does not require an external capacitor on the ILIM pin. The ILIM pin sources a regulated current proportional to the programmed current limit; adding capacitance can destabilize the internal regulation loop. TI specifies a direct connection to a precision 1% resistor between ILIM and GND, with minimal trace length to avoid parasitic effects on accuracy.

Can TPS25221DRVT be used in automotive applications?

The TPS25221DRVT is not qualified to AEC-Q100 and lacks automotive-grade temperature range (–40°C to 125°C ambient is supported, but junction rating and qualification testing are not automotive-certified). It is intended for commercial and industrial applications such as laptops, HDTVs, and set-top boxes. For automotive USB ports, TI recommends AEC-Q100-qualified alternatives like TPS25942L.

How does the FAULT pin behave during thermal shutdown versus overcurrent?

The FAULT pin asserts low immediately during overtemperature shutdown (T_J > 165°C), with no deglitch delay. During overcurrent, FAULT is deglitched with an 8-ms delay before assertion and de-assertion to prevent false triggers from inrush. After thermal shutdown, FAULT remains asserted until T_J cools below 145°C (20°C hysteresis), then de-asserts only after normal operation resumes - unlike overcurrent, where FAULT de-asserts immediately upon fault removal.

Is the thermal pad of TPS25221DRVT electrically connected, and how should it be handled in layout?

Yes, the thermal pad of TPS25221DRVT is internally connected to GND. It must be soldered to a dedicated GND copper pour on the PCB using at least four thermal vias (0.3-mm diameter, spaced evenly) to an inner or bottom-layer GND plane. This provides both electrical grounding and thermal conduction - omitting this connection risks exceeding maximum junction temperature and premature thermal shutdown under 2-A load conditions.