Texas Instruments TPS254900IRVCRQ1

Overview

TPS254900IRVCRQ1 from Texas Instruments is an AEC-Q100 qualified automotive USB host charger and power distribution switch with integrated short-to-battery protection on OUT, DP_IN, and DM_IN pins (withstand up to 18 V), 45-mΩ typical high-side MOSFET, 3-A continuous output current, ±5% VBUS cable compensation accuracy at the connector, and support for USB BC 1.2 CDP/SDP modes - deployed in vehicle front/rear USB charging ports.

For engineers reviewing the TPS254900IRVCRQ1 datasheet, TPS254900IRVCRQ1 pinout, TPS254900IRVCRQ1 application, or TPS254900IRVCRQ1 equivalent, key selection considerations include short-to-battery fault response time (≤2 µs), dual adjustable current limits (ILIM_LO/ILIM_HI), real-time analog current monitoring (IMON), IEC 61000-4-2 ±8-kV contact ESD on data lines, and OVP_SEL-configurable overvoltage thresholds (5.65–7.3 V).

Technical Context

The TPS254900IRVCRQ1 integrates a high-bandwidth analog switch (940 MHz –3 dB bandwidth, <0.15 Ω DP/DM resistance mismatch) with independent control logic for USB data path routing (DP_OUT/DM_OUT ↔ DP_IN/DM_IN), enabling simultaneous charging and data communication in CDP mode. Its charge-pump-driven N-channel MOSFET gate driver ensures fast turn-on (7.5 ms) and robust short-circuit response (2 µs detection, 5.5–11.5 ms deglitch).

Short-to-battery protection operates independently per OUT, DP_IN, and DM_IN using dedicated voltage comparators and discharge paths (R_{DCHG_OUT} = 55–120 kΩ; R_{DCHG_Data} = 200–390 kΩ), while BIAS pin supports external TVS integration for IEC-level ESD hardening. Cable compensation (CS pin) sinks 77–258 µA linearly with load current to dynamically adjust upstream DC-DC output.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

TPS254900IRVCRQ1 uses a 20-pin WQFN package (3.0 mm × 4.0 mm, 0.5-mm pitch) with exposed thermal pad for enhanced heat dissipation in automotive under-dash environments. Pin numbering follows standard QFN top-view orientation (pin 1 at top-left corner, counterclockwise).

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar USB charging-port protection applications.

Compared with TPS25490RVC and TUSB216IRWBR, the TPS254900IRVCRQ1 uniquely combines AEC-Q100 qualification, 18-V short-to-battery resilience, dual current limits, and analog current monitoring in a single 20-pin WQFN - making it irreplaceable for production automotive USB charging systems requiring functional safety and field reliability.

Availability

TPS254900IRVCRQ1 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive infotainment, telematics gateway, and fleet management hardware requiring stable component supply, AEC-Q100 compliance, and long-term lifecycle support.

Supply support for TPS254900IRVCRQ1 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and automotive ICs, with decades of experience in high-reliability power management solutions.

The TPS254900-Q1 product line was engineered specifically for automotive USB charging infrastructure, addressing stringent requirements for short-circuit resilience, ESD hardening, cable-drop compensation, and AEC-Q100 qualification in harsh vehicular environments.

FAQ

What is the maximum continuous output current supported by the TPS254900IRVCRQ1?

TPS254900IRVCRQ1 supports 3 A continuous output current across –40°C to +85°C ambient temperature, with internal current limiting and thermal foldback to prevent damage during overload. The actual sustained current depends on PCB layout, thermal pad soldering quality, and airflow; derating is recommended above 85°C ambient.

How does the TPS254900IRVCRQ1 implement short-to-battery protection on DP_IN and DM_IN?

TPS254900IRVCRQ1 uses dedicated high-voltage comparators on DP_IN and DM_IN that trigger at 3.7–4.15 V, activating internal discharge paths (200–390 kΩ) to clamp the pins to safe levels within 5 µs. This prevents latch-up or destruction of upstream USB PHYs when exposed to 12-V battery faults, and is reinforced by IEC 61000-4-2 ±8-kV contact ESD protection.

Can the TPS254900IRVCRQ1 be used in non-automotive applications?

Yes, TPS254900IRVCRQ1 can be used in industrial or commercial USB charging applications, but its AEC-Q100 qualification, enhanced ESD rating, and 18-V short-to-battery tolerance provide over-engineered reliability for non-automotive use. Cost and availability may favor non-Q1 variants like TPS25490RVC unless the extra robustness is required.

What is the purpose of the CS pin on the TPS254900IRVCRQ1?

The CS pin on TPS254900IRVCRQ1 sinks a precise current (77–258 µA at 1–3 A load) proportional to output current, enabling closed-loop cable compensation. When connected to the feedback node of an upstream DC-DC converter (e.g., LMR14030), it dynamically raises the output voltage to offset IR drop in long USB cables, maintaining ±5% regulation at the connector.

How does the IMON pin function in the TPS254900IRVCRQ1?

The IMON pin on TPS254900IRVCRQ1 sources a current scaled at ≈104 µA per ampere of load current (e.g., 312 µA at 3 A). Connecting a 2.55-kΩ resistor from IMON to GND generates a 0.796-V output, providing a simple analog interface for microcontroller ADCs to monitor real-time USB load without software-based current sensing.