Texas Instruments TPS259521DSGT

Overview

TPS259521DSGT from Texas Instruments is a 2.7 V to 18 V, 4-A eFuse IC with 34 mΩ on-resistance, 3.8-V fast overvoltage clamp (5 µs response), auto-retry thermal shutdown, and adjustable current limit (0.5–4 A) via external resistor. It protects power rails in hot-swap, SSD, and industrial systems by limiting inrush, clamping surges, and monitoring load current via the ILM pin.

For engineers reviewing the TPS259521DSGT datasheet, TPS259521DSGT pinout, TPS259521DSGT application, or TPS259521DSGT equivalent, key selection criteria include its 3.8-V fixed OVC threshold, auto-retry fault recovery mode, active-high EN/UVLO with programmable lockout, and WSON-8 package with exposed thermal pad for 125°C operation.

Technical Context

The TPS259521DSGT integrates a low-R_ON N-channel MOSFET, precision current-sense amplifier, fast analog overvoltage clamp circuit, and thermal shutdown logic with 5°C hysteresis. Its EN/UVLO pin accepts a resistor divider to set custom undervoltage lockout thresholds between 2.33 V and 2.78 V (falling/rising).

It implements dual-stage protection: immediate 5-µs clamping of output voltage to ≤3.8 V during overvoltage transients, and 250-µs current-limit response for overloads. Fault events trigger an open-drain FLT pin that pulls low and initiates auto-retry cycling after 93 ms, enabling self-recovery without host intervention.

Key Specifications

Pinout & Package

TPS259521DSGT uses an 8-pin WSON package (2.00 mm × 2.00 mm) with exposed thermal pad (GND-connected) for enhanced heat dissipation. The package is RoHS-compliant and optimized for high-density layouts.

Key Features

Applications

Equivalent & Alternatives

The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar eFuse protection applications.

Compared with TPS259521DSGT, TPS259520DSGT offers identical protection specs but requires host-initiated reset after faults, while TPS259421RVCT delivers higher current capacity and lower R_ON at the cost of missing ILM functionality and larger footprint - making TPS259521DSGT optimal for space-constrained, self-healing 4-A applications needing real-time current visibility.

Availability

TPS259521DSGT is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for hot-swap, SSD/HDD power management, and industrial embedded systems requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle support, and certified safety compliance.

Supply support for TPS259521DSGT includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.

Manufacturer

Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor leader specializing in analog, embedded processing, and power management ICs, with decades of expertise in robust protection solutions.

The TPS2595xx family is designed for high-reliability power path management in industrial, computing, and consumer equipment - delivering integrated overvoltage, overcurrent, and thermal protection in minimal footprint.

FAQ

What is the overvoltage clamp threshold and response time for TPS259521DSGT?

The TPS259521DSGT features a fixed 3.8-V (typical) overvoltage clamp with 5-µs typical response time when output current is 4 A. This clamping action limits downstream voltage during input surges without external components, protecting 3.3-V logic rails. The clamp remains active until input voltage falls below the threshold, and the device resumes normal operation once the fault clears.

How does the EN/UVLO pin function on TPS259521DSGT?

The EN/UVLO pin on TPS259521DSGT is an active-high input that enables the device and supports programmable undervoltage lockout. A resistor divider from IN to GND sets the UVLO threshold between 2.33 V and 2.78 V (falling/rising). When the voltage at EN/UVLO drops below the falling threshold, the FET turns off; it re-enables when voltage rises above the rising threshold - providing hysteresis for stable operation.

Can TPS259521DSGT monitor load current, and how accurate is it?

Yes, TPS259521DSGT monitors load current via its ILM pin, delivering a proportional analog voltage (276 µA/A typical) referenced to GND. Current limit accuracy is ±7.5% across –40°C to +125°C, and the ILM pin also serves as the current limit programming node via external resistor R_ILM. This dual-function design eliminates need for separate sense resistors or amplifiers.

What fault recovery mode does TPS259521DSGT use, and how is it signaled?

TPS259521DSGT uses auto-retry fault recovery: upon overcurrent, overvoltage, or overtemperature event, the FLT pin pulls low and the output disables. After 93 ms, the device automatically attempts recovery. If the fault persists, it repeats the cycle. The open-drain FLT pin requires an external pull-up resistor and can interface directly with microcontroller interrupt inputs for system-level fault logging.

What thermal performance can be expected from TPS259521DSGT in a standard PCB layout?

In a standard 2-layer PCB with 1-in² 2-oz copper pour connected to the exposed thermal pad, TPS259521DSGT achieves a junction-to-board thermal resistance (R_θJB) of 28.3°C/W. At 4 A and 12 V input, power dissipation is ~550 mW, resulting in ~15.6°C rise above board temperature - well within the 125°C max junction rating even at 85°C ambient, assuming adequate copper area.