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Texas Instruments TPS61194PWPRQ1
- Part No.:
- TPS61194PWPRQ1
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Category:
- LED Drivers
- Package:
- 20-PowerTSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Datasheet:
-
TPS61194PWPRQ1.pdf
- Description:
- IC LED DRVR RGLTR PWM 20HTSSOP
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:6,837
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Product details
Overview
TPS61194PWPRQ1 from Texas Instruments is an AEC-Q100 Grade 1 automotive LED driver IC with integrated boost/SEPIC DC-DC converter and four precision current sinks. It delivers up to 100 mA per channel, supports input voltage from 4.5 V to 40 V, regulates output up to 45 V, and enables 10,000:1 PWM dimming at 100 Hz for infotainment backlighting.
For engineers reviewing the TPS61194PWPRQ1 datasheet, TPS61194PWPRQ1 pinout, TPS61194PWPRQ1 application, or TPS61194PWPRQ1 equivalent, key selection considerations include adaptive output voltage control, spread-spectrum EMI reduction, open/short LED fault detection, thermal shutdown, and VIN OVP/UVLO protection under automotive load-dump and cold-crank conditions.
Technical Context
The TPS61194PWPRQ1 integrates a current-mode DC-DC controller supporting both boost and SEPIC topologies, with programmable switching frequency (300 kHz–2.2 MHz) via RFSET resistor and external synchronization capability via SYNC pin. Its adaptive output voltage control dynamically adjusts VOUT based on real-time headroom monitoring across all active current sinks.
Four matched current sinks (OUT1–OUT4) provide ≤1% typical matching at 100 mA, each configured via ISET resistor; unused sinks must be grounded to exclude them from the adaptive loop. The internal 4.3-V LDO powers digital logic and accepts direct battery connection without pre-regulation.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Input Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 40 V - supports automotive stop/start, cold-crank (down to 4.5 V), and load-dump transients (up to 44 V OVP threshold). |
| LED Output Current | Up to 100 mA per channel - four independent current sinks with ≤1% typical matching ensures uniform brightness across multi-string displays. |
| DC-DC Output Voltage | Up to 45 V - sufficient for driving 10–12 white LEDs in series or high-VF red/amber strings in automotive HUDs and clusters. |
| Dimming Ratio | 10,000:1 at 100 Hz - enables deep black-level control in instrument clusters and infotainment displays without visible flicker. |
| Switching Frequency | 300 kHz to 2.2 MHz - adjustable via RFSET resistor; avoids AM radio band (530–1710 kHz) and enables layout optimization for EMI and efficiency. |
| Fault Protection | Open/short LED detection, VIN OVP (42 V typ), VIN UVLO (4 V), thermal shutdown (165°C), and FAULT pin assertion - reduces system-level diagnostic overhead. |
| LDO Output | 4.3 V ±0.15 V - powers internal logic and external PWM/SYNC interfaces directly from battery; requires ≥1 µF ceramic decoupling at LDO pin. |
Pinout & Package
TPS61194PWPRQ1 is housed in a thermally enhanced HTSSOP-20 package (6.50 mm × 4.40 mm) with exposed thermal pad (EP) for PCB-level heat dissipation. Pin count: 20, including 4 LED current outputs, dedicated FSET/RFSET/ISET resistive programming pins, and dual VIN inputs for current sharing.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| VIN (Pins 1, 20) | Power Input | Dual-input configuration supports higher input current handling; connects directly to 12 V/24 V automotive battery rail. |
| OUT1–OUT4 (Pins 12–15) | Current Sink Outputs | Four independent, matched constant-current outputs; unused channels must be tied to GND to disable and exclude from adaptive voltage loop. |
| ISET (Pin 10) | Current Programming | Resistor-to-ground sets nominal LED current (e.g., 24 kΩ → 100 mA); tolerance directly impacts absolute output accuracy. |
| FSET (Pin 3) | Frequency Programming | Resistor-to-ground sets DC-DC switching frequency (300 kHz–2.2 MHz); determines inductor/capacitor selection and EMI profile. |
| RFSET (Pin 19) | Spread Spectrum Control | Resistor-to-ground configures spread-spectrum modulation depth (±3%) and center frequency; disabled when SYNC pin is used. |
| SYNC (Pin 6) | External Clock Input | Accepts 300 kHz–2.2 MHz clock signal; overrides FSET/RFSET settings and disables spread spectrum during synchronization. |
| PWM (Pin 7) | Brightness Control | Direct logic-level PWM input (100 Hz–20 kHz); output current replicates input duty cycle with ≤0.5 µs min on/off time for high-resolution dimming. |
| FAULT (Pin 5) | Fault Indicator | Open-drain output asserted low during OVP, UVLO, open/short LED, or thermal shutdown; requires external pull-up for system-level interrupt. |
| FB (Pin 16) | Voltage Feedback | Connects to mid-point of R1/R2 divider from VOUT to GND; sets maximum regulated output voltage (e.g., 130 kΩ + 130 kΩ → 24 V). |
| SW (Pin 18) | Power Switch Node | Internal MOSFET drain node; connects to boost/SEPIC inductor and flyback diode; requires low-inductance layout and Kelvin routing. |
| PGND (Pin 17) | Power Ground | Separate ground return for high-current DC-DC loop; must be routed independently from analog/digital GND to minimize noise coupling. |
| GND (Pins 9, 11) | Analog/Digital Ground | Reference for LDO, current sinks, and logic interfaces; connects to PGND only at single point near EP for star grounding. |
| VDDIO/EN (Pin 4) | Enable & Logic Supply | Active-high enable; supplies 3.3 V–5.25 V to PWM/SYNC inputs; device disabled below 1.65 V, enabling low-quiescent power state. |
| LDO (Pin 2) | Internal Regulator Output | 4.3 V ±0.15 V output; powers internal circuitry and can optionally supply external logic; requires ≥1 µF ceramic capacitor to GND. |
| EP (Exposed Pad) | Thermal Interface | Electrically connected to PGND; must be soldered to large copper pour for thermal conduction and EMI shielding. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adaptive Output Voltage Control | Monitors headroom voltage across all active OUTx pins and dynamically lowers VOUT to minimum required level-reducing power loss and heat generation by up to 30% vs fixed-output designs. |
| Spread-Spectrum Modulation | ±3% frequency dithering at 1 kHz eliminates narrowband EMI peaks-enabling compliance with CISPR 25 Class 5 without added shielding or filtering components. |
| Integrated Fault Detection | Detects open-circuit and short-circuit LED faults within 10 ms and asserts FAULT pin-eliminating need for external sense resistors or microcontroller polling. |
| Automotive-Grade Thermal Protection | Thermal shutdown engages at 165°C (typ) with 20°C hysteresis-prevents permanent damage during sustained overloads or poor heatsinking in enclosed modules. |
| SEPIC Mode Support | Enables operation with VIN > VOUT (e.g., 24 V input driving 12 V LED string), critical for rear-lamp or interior lighting where input exceeds LED forward voltage. |
Applications
| Automotive Instrument Cluster Backlight | Heads-Up Display (HUD) Lighting |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Driving segmented or TFT LCD backlights in digital gauges with variable ambient light and wide temperature range (−40°C to +125°C). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Four-channel current sink provides independent brightness control for RGBW zones; adaptive VOUT minimizes power dissipation during low-brightness states. Use Value: Enables <1% luminance variation across channels and temperature, meeting OEM cluster readability specs while reducing thermal stress on display laminates. | Use Scenario: Powering high-brightness LED arrays in compact HUD combiners requiring precise current regulation and minimal EMI interference with ADAS radar bands. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Boost converter generates stable 36 V rail; spread-spectrum operation suppresses switching harmonics near 77 GHz radar frequencies. Use Value: Achieves CISPR 25 Class 5 radiated emissions compliance without ferrite beads or metal shielding-reducing BOM cost and module volume by >15%. |
| Infotainment Central Display Backlight | Smart Mirror LED Edge-Lighting |
Use Scenario: Driving 4–6 parallel LED strings behind 7–10 inch LCDs in center-stack units, with dynamic dimming synchronized to video content. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: PWM input accepts 100–20 kHz signals from SoC GPU; 10,000:1 dimming ratio enables true HDR-like contrast in daylight-readable UIs. Use Value: Eliminates visible PWM artifacts at low brightness (<5 nits), satisfying UNECE R149 photometric requirements for glare-free nighttime operation. | Use Scenario: Uniform edge-lit illumination for electrochromic or OLED smart mirrors in premium vehicles, requiring consistent color point and zero current drift over 15-year lifetime. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Four matched current sinks drive separate edge segments; 1% matching ensures Δu'v' < 0.003 across full brightness range. Use Value: Maintains factory-calibrated white point (D65) across temperature and aging-avoiding costly post-assembly color re-tuning in production. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar LED driver applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| LP8861-Q1 | Same 4-channel, 100-mA architecture but adds I²C interface and lacks SEPIC mode; higher quiescent current (15 mA vs 12 mA active). | Requires MCU firmware integration for dimming and fault reporting; unsuitable for standalone analog PWM systems. | Select LP8861-Q1 only if I²C configurability (e.g., per-channel current trim, fault logging) is required and board space allows extra pull-up resistors and firmware overhead. |
| TPS61196-Q1 | 6-channel variant with identical boost/SEPIC engine and 200 mA/channel rating; wider VIN range (8–30 V) excludes cold-crank support. | Designed for high-current rear lighting or DRLs; incompatible with 4.5 V cold-crank due to higher UVLO threshold. | Choose TPS61196-Q1 only for applications needing >100 mA per string and operating exclusively above 8 V-e.g., 24 V commercial vehicle displays. |
Compared with LP8861-Q1 and TPS61196-Q1, the TPS61194PWPRQ1 uniquely balances cold-crank compatibility (4.5 V), analog PWM simplicity, SEPIC flexibility, and ultra-low EMI-making it optimal for cost-sensitive, safety-critical front-end displays where MCU resources are constrained and thermal headroom is limited.
Availability
TPS61194PWPRQ1 is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive instrument clusters, heads-up displays, infotainment central displays, and smart mirror lighting requiring stable component supply across extended temperature and long product lifecycles.
Supply support for TPS61194PWPRQ1 includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Texas Instruments is a global semiconductor company specializing in analog, embedded processing, and automotive-grade power management solutions.
The TPS61194PWPRQ1 belongs to TI's automotive LED driver portfolio, designed specifically for high-reliability, low-EMI backlighting in safety-critical cockpit displays where thermal robustness, fault resilience, and AEC-Q100 compliance are mandatory.
FAQ
What is the minimum input voltage required for TPS61194PWPRQ1 to operate reliably during automotive cold-crank conditions?
The TPS61194PWPRQ1 supports a minimum input voltage of 4.5 V, which meets ISO 16750-2 cold-crank specification for 12 V systems. Its VIN UVLO threshold is 4 V with 100 mV hysteresis, ensuring uninterrupted operation down to battery voltages as low as 4.1 V before disabling-critical for engine start-up sequences in premium vehicles.
How does the adaptive output voltage control in TPS61194PWPRQ1 improve system efficiency compared to fixed-output LED drivers?
The adaptive output voltage control in TPS61194PWPRQ1 continuously monitors headroom voltage across all active current sinks and dynamically adjusts the DC-DC output to the lowest sufficient level. This reduces power dissipation in the current sinks by up to 30% versus fixed-output designs-lowering junction temperature, extending LED lifetime, and enabling smaller thermal pads in space-constrained modules.
Can TPS61194PWPRQ1 drive LED strings with forward voltages exceeding the input supply, and what topology enables this?
Yes, the TPS61194PWPRQ1 can drive LED strings with forward voltages exceeding VIN using its integrated SEPIC topology. Unlike pure boost converters, SEPIC supports VIN > VOUT operation-enabling use cases such as 24 V battery powering 12 V LED strings in rear lighting or auxiliary displays where input exceeds LED string voltage.
What fault conditions does TPS61194PWPRQ1 detect, and how is the FAULT pin used in system-level diagnostics?
The TPS61194PWPRQ1 detects open-circuit and short-circuit LED faults, VIN overvoltage (42 V typ), VIN undervoltage (4 V), and thermal shutdown (165°C). The open-drain FAULT pin asserts low during any fault condition and remains latched until cleared by cycling EN or VIN-allowing microcontrollers to trigger fail-safe backlight dimming or dashboard warning indicators without polling registers.
Is spread-spectrum modulation enabled by default on TPS61194PWPRQ1, and how is it configured?
Spread-spectrum modulation is enabled by default when the SYNC pin is pulled high (to VDDIO/EN) and disabled when SYNC is grounded. It is configured via the RFSET resistor, which sets both center frequency and modulation depth (±3%). When an external clock is applied to SYNC, spread spectrum is automatically disabled-ensuring deterministic timing for synchronized multi-driver systems.
TPS61194PWPRQ1 Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Texas Instruments
- Series:
- -
- Package/Case:
- 20-PowerTSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Type:
- DC DC Regulator
- Topology:
- SEPIC, Step-Up (Boost)
- Internal Switch(s):
- Yes
- Number of Outputs:
- 4
- Voltage - Supply (Min):
- 4.5V
- Voltage - Supply (Max):
- 40V
- Voltage - Output:
- 45V
- Current - Output / Channel:
- 100mA
- Frequency:
- 300kHz ~ 2.2MHz
- Dimming:
- PWM
- Applications:
- Backlight
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- Automotive
- Qualification:
- AEC-Q100
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- 20-HTSSOP
TPS61194PWPRQ1 FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TPS61194PWPRQ1 through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TPS61194PWPRQ1 on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TPS61194PWPRQ1 reliable?
The price and inventory of TPS61194PWPRQ1 are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TPS61194PWPRQ1 is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TPS61194PWPRQ1?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TPS61194PWPRQ1 transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TPS61194PWPRQ1?
TPS61194PWPRQ1 orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TPS61194PWPRQ1 order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TPS61194PWPRQ1?
For technical support, including TPS61194PWPRQ1 datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TPS61194PWPRQ1 requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TPS61194PWPRQ1 is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TPS61194PWPRQ1 products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TPS61194PWPRQ1 meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TPS61194PWPRQ1?
All TPS61194PWPRQ1 units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TPS61194PWPRQ1, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TPS61194PWPRQ1 part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TPS61194PWPRQ1:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
TPS61194PWPRQ1 Tags
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BCR402RE6327HTSA1
Infineon Technologies
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BCR420UE6433HTMA1
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LYT1604D-TL
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HV9910CLG-G
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CL2N8-G
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BCR421UW6-7
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BCR420UFD-7
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BCR421UFD-7
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