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STMicroelectronics TS431AIZ-AP
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- Part No.:
- TS431AIZ-AP
- Manufacturer:
- STMicroelectronics
- Category:
- Voltage Reference
- Package:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Datasheet:
-
TS431AIZ-AP.pdf
- Description:
- IC VREF SHUNT ADJ 1% TO92-3
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,204
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Product details
Overview
TS431AIZ-AP from STMicroelectronics is an AEC-Q100 qualified, adjustable shunt voltage reference IC in TO-92 package, delivering 1.24 V to 6 V output with ±1% initial accuracy, 100 ppm/°C temperature coefficient, and stable operation down to 60 µA cathode current. It serves as a precision feedback element in automotive 3.3 V switching power supplies, especially when driving optocouplers in isolated flyback regulators.
For engineers reviewing the TS431AIZ-AP datasheet, TS431AIZ-AP pinout, TS431AIZ-AP application, or TS431AIZ-AP equivalent, key selection criteria include its low-voltage start-up (1.24 V), wide cathode current range (60 µA–30 mA), low 0.2 Ω output impedance, AEC-Q100 qualification for automotive use, and compatibility with capacitive loads without external compensation.
Technical Context
The TS431AIZ-AP operates as a three-terminal shunt reference where output voltage is set externally via two resistors across cathode–anode and reference–anode terminals. Its internal bandgap core achieves 1% initial tolerance and 100 ppm/°C drift over –40 °C to +125 °C.
It features low dynamic impedance (0.2 Ω typical), supports stable regulation under capacitive loading, and maintains <21 mV total output voltage variation across full automotive temperature range. Off-state cathode leakage is ≤0.1 µA at 6 V, enabling high-impedance feedback networks.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| Output Voltage Range | 1.24 V to 6 V - Set by external resistor divider; enables flexible feedback for 3.3 V, 5 V, or custom rail regulation. |
| Initial Accuracy | ±1% at 25 °C - Ensures tight output voltage tolerance without trimming in production. |
| Temp. Coefficient | 100 ppm/°C - Predictable drift of ±12.4 mV over –40 °C to +125 °C, critical for automotive thermal stability. |
| Cathode Current Range | 60 µA to 30 mA - Supports ultra-low-power biasing and robust load-driving capability in same device. |
| Output Impedance | 0.2 Ω typical - Minimizes load-induced voltage error and improves loop stability in closed-loop SMPS designs. |
| ESD Rating | HBM: 2 kV - Sufficient for handling in automotive assembly environments without special ESD controls. |
| Operating Temp. | –40 °C to +125 °C - Validated for under-hood automotive applications per AEC-Q100 Grade 1. |
Pinout & Package
TS431AIZ-AP uses the TO-92 plastic package (3-lead, through-hole), with leads arranged in linear configuration: Pin 1 = Anode, Pin 2 = Cathode, Pin 3 = Reference (adjust) terminal. This mechanical form factor supports legacy PCB layouts and manual assembly in cost-sensitive automotive modules.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode (Pin 1) | Reference ground node | Common return path for reference input current (Iref) and cathode current (Ik); tied to system GND or feedback common. |
| Cathode (Pin 2) | Regulated output node | Delivers precise voltage to optocoupler LED or error amplifier; sinks current proportional to output deviation. |
| Reference (Pin 3) | Feedback sense input | High-impedance (≤160 nA) input that compares divided output voltage against internal 1.24 V bandgap; sets regulation point. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| Adjustable output via 2-resistor divider | Enables single BOM part to support multiple output rails (3.3 V, 5 V, 12 V) without redesigning reference network. |
| Stable with any capacitive load | Eliminates need for series damping resistors or stability compensation components in feedback path. |
| AEC-Q100 qualified (Grade 1) | Validated for automotive under-hood use including thermal cycling, humidity, and vibration stress testing. |
| Low 60 µA minimum cathode current | Permits operation in standby or light-load conditions where TL431 would drop out (TL431 min Ik = 100 µA). |
| 0.2 Ω static output impedance | Reduces sensitivity to cathode current variations, improving regulation accuracy across load transients. |
Applications
| Automotive DC-DC Converter Feedback | Industrial Isolated Power Supply |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Regulating 3.3 V output in a flyback converter powering ADAS camera modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Shunt reference providing precise feedback voltage to optocoupler LED, closing secondary-side regulation loop. Use Value: ±1% accuracy and 100 ppm/°C drift ensure consistent output voltage across engine bay temperatures (–40 °C to +125 °C), preventing sensor malfunction. | Use Scenario: Secondary-side voltage reference in a DIN-rail mounted 24 V to 5 V isolated buck converter. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Adjustable shunt reference setting output voltage while interfacing with optocoupler for galvanic isolation. Use Value: Stable operation down to 60 µA cathode current allows reliable regulation even during no-load or standby modes, reducing no-load power loss. |
| Programmable Voltage Monitor | Low-Power Sensor Bias Reference |
Use Scenario: Threshold detection circuit triggering fault shutdown when battery voltage exceeds 4.2 V in EV battery management systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Precision shunt reference generating stable 4.2 V reference for comparator input. Use Value: 0.2 Ω output impedance ensures minimal threshold shift under varying comparator input bias currents, improving trip-point repeatability. | Use Scenario: Providing stable 2.5 V bias to MEMS pressure sensor signal chain in tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS). IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Low-current shunt reference supplying regulated voltage to sensor analog front-end with minimal quiescent draw. Use Value: 60 µA minimum cathode current enables direct connection to high-impedance sensor bias nodes without additional buffering, preserving battery life. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar adjustable shunt reference applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| TL431ACZ | ±2% initial accuracy, higher 100 µA min cathode current, no AEC-Q100 qualification | Not suitable for automotive Grade 1 environments; requires higher bias current | Select only for non-automotive, cost-sensitive industrial applications where ±2% tolerance is acceptable. |
| TS431BIZ-AP | ±0.5% initial accuracy, identical package and temperature range | Same footprint and pinout; tighter tolerance for high-precision feedback loops | Choose when output regulation must stay within ±0.5% across temperature and line variations, e.g., in premium ADAS power rails. |
Compared with TL431ACZ, TS431AIZ-AP offers superior automotive qualification, lower start-up current, and tighter accuracy; versus TS431BIZ-AP, it trades 0.5% tolerance for lower cost while retaining identical thermal and packaging specs.
Availability
TS431AIZ-AP is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive power conversion, industrial isolated supplies, programmable voltage monitors, and low-power sensor biasing requiring stable component supply across extended temperature ranges.
Supply support for TS431AIZ-AP includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
STMicroelectronics is a global semiconductor leader headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, designing and manufacturing microcontrollers, power management ICs, analog chips, and automotive-grade components.
The TS431 belongs to ST's precision analog reference product line, engineered specifically for automotive and industrial feedback applications demanding AEC-Q100 compliance, low-voltage operation, and robust thermal performance.
FAQ
What is the minimum cathode current required for regulation in TS431AIZ-AP?
The TS431AIZ-AP requires a minimum cathode current of 60 µA to maintain regulation, verified across –40 °C to +125 °C. This value is specified in Table 2 of the datasheet under "Operating Conditions" and confirmed in Figure 7 showing cathode voltage vs. current at low Ik. Below this threshold, the device exits regulation and output voltage collapses.
Can TS431AIZ-AP replace TL431 in existing designs?
Yes, TS431AIZ-AP is pin-compatible with TL431 in TO-92 packages and offers improved specs: lower 60 µA min cathode current (vs. 100 µA), ±1% accuracy (vs. ±2%), and AEC-Q100 qualification. However, verify resistor divider values-its 1.24 V reference matches TL431, so no circuit change is needed for voltage setting.
Does TS431AIZ-AP require external compensation for stability?
No external compensation is required. The TS431AIZ-AP is designed to remain stable with any capacitive load, as stated in the Features section and validated in Figure 14 (phase/gain plots). This eliminates series resistors or RC networks typically needed with TL431 when driving optocouplers with long traces or large capacitance.
What is the meaning of the "-AP" suffix in TS431AIZ-AP?
The "-AP" suffix denotes ammopack packaging-a bulk packaging format using anti-static ammo cans, commonly used for TO-92 devices in medium-volume automotive production. It differs from "-Z" (bulk bag) and "-ZT" (tape-and-reel), but shares identical electrical and thermal specifications.
TS431AIZ-AP Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- STMicroelectronics
- Package/Case:
- TO-226-3, TO-92-3 (TO-226AA) Formed Leads
- Series:
- -
- Packaging:
- Tape & Box (TB)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Reference Type:
- Shunt
- Output Type:
- Adjustable
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed):
- 1.24V
- Voltage - Output (Max):
- 6 V
- Current - Output:
- 30 mA
- Tolerance:
- ±1%
- Temperature Coefficient:
- 100ppm/°C
- Noise - 0.1Hz to 10Hz:
- -
- Noise - 10Hz to 10kHz:
- -
- Voltage - Input:
- -
- Current - Supply:
- -
- Current - Cathode:
- 60 µA
- Operating Temperature:
- -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Through Hole
- Supplier Device Package:
- TO-92-3
TS431AIZ-AP FAQ
1.How can I place an order for TS431AIZ-AP through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for TS431AIZ-AP on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for TS431AIZ-AP reliable?
The price and inventory of TS431AIZ-AP are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for TS431AIZ-AP is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for TS431AIZ-AP?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for TS431AIZ-AP transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for TS431AIZ-AP?
TS431AIZ-AP orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your TS431AIZ-AP order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for TS431AIZ-AP?
For technical support, including TS431AIZ-AP datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your TS431AIZ-AP requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that TS431AIZ-AP is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All TS431AIZ-AP products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that TS431AIZ-AP meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of TS431AIZ-AP?
All TS431AIZ-AP units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with TS431AIZ-AP, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The TS431AIZ-AP part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for TS431AIZ-AP:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
TS431AIZ-AP Tags
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TL431AIDBZR
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AZ431LBNTR-G1
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LM4040DIM3X-2.5/NOPB
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LM4040DIM3-2.5/NOPB
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AZ431LANTR-G1
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