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Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division P4SMA51A-E3/5A
- Part No.:
- P4SMA51A-E3/5A
- Manufacturer:
- Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division
- Category:
- TVS Diodes
- Package:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Datasheet:
-
P4SMA51A-E3/5A.pdf
- Description:
- TVS DIODE 43.6VWM 70.1VC DO214AC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:2,135
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Product details
Overview
P4SMA51A-E3/5A from Vishay General Semiconductor is a unidirectional surface-mount Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) diode in SMA (DO-214AC) package, designed for clamping voltage transients on power and signal lines. It features a 43.6 V stand-off voltage (VWM), 48.5–53.6 V breakdown voltage (VBR) at 1 mA, 70.1 V maximum clamping voltage (VC) at 5.7 A peak pulse current, and 400 W peak pulse power rating with 10/1000 µs waveform - used to protect MOSFETs, ICs, and sensor signal lines in industrial and automotive electronics.
For engineers reviewing the P4SMA51A-E3/5A datasheet, P4SMA51A-E3/5A pinout, P4SMA51A-E3/5A application, or P4SMA51A-E3/5A equivalent, key selection criteria include unidirectional polarity, 150 °C max junction temperature, low incremental surge resistance, AEC-Q101 qualification (via HE3/HM3 variants), and compatibility with automated SMT placement on standard PCB copper pads.
Technical Context
The P4SMA51A-E3/5A operates as a unidirectional avalanche diode, conducting only when reverse voltage exceeds its breakdown threshold (VBR = 48.5–53.6 V), thereby diverting transient energy to ground. Its glass-passivated junction ensures stable leakage (<1 µA at VWM) and fast response time (<1 ns), critical for suppressing ESD and inductive switching spikes.
Thermal performance is defined by RθJA = 120 °C/W (junction-to-ambient, on minimum pad layout) and RθJL = 30 °C/W (junction-to-lead), supporting continuous power dissipation of 3.3 W at TA = 50 °C. The device meets MSL Level 1 per J-STD-020 and is RoHS-compliant with matte tin-plated leads solderable per J-STD-002.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VWM (Stand-off Voltage) | 43.6 V - Maximum continuous reverse voltage before significant leakage; defines operating margin below clamping threshold |
| VBR (Breakdown Voltage) | 48.5–53.6 V at IT = 1 mA - Avalanche conduction onset range; ensures reliable triggering under transient overvoltage |
| VC (Clamping Voltage) | 70.1 V at IPPM = 5.7 A - Peak voltage seen by protected circuit during 10/1000 µs surge; determines safe stress level for downstream components |
| PPPM (Peak Pulse Power) | 400 W - Energy-handling capacity for non-repetitive transients; derates above TA = 25 °C per Fig. 2 |
| IPPM (Peak Pulse Current) | 5.7 A - Maximum surge current supported at VC; derived from 400 W / 70.1 V calculation |
| TJmax | 150 °C - Maximum allowable junction temperature; sets thermal design limits for PCB copper pad area and ambient conditions |
| Package | SMA (DO-214AC) - Standardized surface-mount outline with cathode band marking; compatible with automated pick-and-place and reflow |
Pinout & Package
SMA (DO-214AC) package: molded epoxy case with matte tin-plated leads, UL 94 V-0 flammability rating, and polarity indicated by cathode band on unidirectional devices like P4SMA51A-E3/5A.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode | Forward current entry / Reverse voltage reference node | Connected to line being protected (e.g., VCC, signal trace); forms low-impedance path to ground during clamping |
| Cathode | Avalanche conduction terminal / Ground reference | Connected to system ground or low-impedance return path; carries full transient current during suppression event |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| 400 W peak pulse power (10/1000 µs) | Enables robust protection against IEC 61000-4-5 Level 4 surges (4 kV/2 Ω) without degradation on standard PCB layouts |
| Glass passivated chip junction | Ensures stable VBR tolerance (±5%), low leakage (<1 µA), and long-term reliability under thermal cycling |
| MSL Level 1 (260 °C peak) | Supports standard lead-free reflow profiles without moisture-related popcorning or delamination |
| AEC-Q101 qualified variants available | Validated for automotive applications including engine control units and ADAS sensor interfaces (via HE3/HM3 suffixes) |
| Low profile SMA package | 0.208" × 0.157" footprint enables compact placement near ICs or connectors without compromising board real estate |
Applications
| Automotive Sensor Protection | Industrial PLC I/O Protection |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Protecting CAN/LIN bus transceivers and analog sensor inputs (e.g., pressure, temperature) from load dump and ISO 7637-2 pulses in vehicle ECUs. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Unidirectional TVS placed between signal line and chassis ground to clamp transients before they reach sensitive analog front-ends or communication ICs. Use Value: Limits induced voltage to ≤70.1 V during 5.7 A surges, preventing latch-up or permanent damage to 5 V/3.3 V interface ICs while maintaining signal integrity. |
Use Scenario: Safeguarding digital input/output terminals of programmable logic controllers against field-wiring transients, relay coil flyback, and electrostatic discharge in factory automation systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary overvoltage clamp on 24 V DC input channels, mounted directly at connector entry point to shunt surge energy before reaching optocouplers or microcontrollers. Use Value: Withstands repetitive 400 W surges per IEC 61000-4-4, enabling >100,000 surge cycles without parameter drift due to stable glass-passivated junction. |
| Consumer Power Adapter Input | Telecom Line Card Surge Protection |
Use Scenario: Secondary-side transient suppression on 5–12 V DC outputs of wall adapters and USB PD chargers exposed to accidental short-circuits and hot-plug events. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Fast-acting clamping device placed after DC-DC converter output filter to limit voltage overshoot during load step changes or capacitor charging surges. Use Value: Clamps to 70.1 V within <1 ns, protecting downstream USB controllers and PMICs rated for ≤20 V absolute maximum ratings. |
Use Scenario: Front-end protection of Ethernet PHYs and DSL line drivers against lightning-induced surges and AC power cross-talk on telecom central office line cards. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: First-stage TVS on twisted-pair interface traces, coordinated with GDTs and series impedance to meet GR-1089-CORE Level 3 requirements. Use Value: Provides precise 43.6 V stand-off with minimal capacitance (<100 pF at VWM), avoiding signal distortion on 10/100/1000BASE-T data lines. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar transient voltage suppression applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMBJ51A (Bourns) | Same VWM (43.6 V), VC = 87.1 V at 5.2 A, SMB package (larger footprint, higher IPPM = 5.2 A) | Higher clamping voltage reduces protection margin for 5 V logic; SMB package requires more PCB area | Select when higher surge current handling is needed and board space allows larger SMB footprint |
| 1.5SMC51A (ON Semiconductor) | Same VWM (43.6 V), VC = 70.1 V, but SMC package (DO-214AB) with 1.5 kW rating - not drop-in compatible | Designed for higher-power applications; incompatible pinout and thermal profile vs. SMA | Choose only if upgrading to higher-power TVS with revised layout and thermal management |
Compared with SMBJ51A and 1.5SMC51A, the P4SMA51A-E3/5A delivers identical clamping performance in a smaller SMA footprint, enabling tighter placement near ICs and lower parasitic inductance - critical for high-speed signal line protection where layout-induced voltage overshoot must be minimized.
Availability
P4SMA51A-E3/5A is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial PLCs, automotive sensor modules, and consumer power adapter designs requiring stable component supply, RoHS compliance, and SMT-ready packaging in 13" tape-and-reel (7500 pcs/reel).
Supply support for P4SMA51A-E3/5A includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Vishay General Semiconductor is a global leader in discrete semiconductors, specializing in diodes, rectifiers, TVS devices, and optoelectronics with emphasis on reliability, precision, and automotive-grade qualification.
The P4SMA Series was developed for cost-effective, high-volume transient suppression in space-constrained applications - balancing 400 W surge capability, low-profile SMA packaging, and AEC-Q101 readiness for automotive and industrial end equipment.
FAQ
What is the maximum clamping voltage of the P4SMA51A-E3/5A under a 10/1000 µs surge?
The P4SMA51A-E3/5A has a maximum clamping voltage (VC) of 70.1 V at 5.7 A peak pulse current (IPPM) under the standardized 10/1000 µs waveform. This value is measured per Figure 1 in the Vishay datasheet 88367 and defines the upper voltage limit imposed on protected circuits during transient events. Engineers use this specification to verify that downstream ICs remain within their absolute maximum voltage ratings during surge conditions.
Is the P4SMA51A-E3/5A suitable for automotive applications?
The P4SMA51A-E3/5A itself is RoHS-compliant and commercial-grade; however, Vishay offers AEC-Q101 qualified versions under ordering codes such as P4SMA51AHE3_A (7" reel) or P4SMA51AHM3_A (13" reel). These HE3/HM3 variants undergo rigorous automotive qualification testing and are recommended for engine control, body electronics, and ADAS sensor protection. The P4SMA51A-E3/5A should not be used in safety-critical automotive functions unless explicitly validated with the AEC-Q101 variant.
What does the "E3/5A" suffix indicate in P4SMA51A-E3/5A?
The "E3" suffix denotes RoHS-compliant, commercial-grade construction with matte tin-plated leads, while "/5A" specifies packaging in 13-inch diameter plastic tape-and-reel containing 7500 units. This differs from "/61", which indicates 7-inch reels with 1800 units. The E3/5A configuration supports high-volume SMT assembly and aligns with IPC/JEDEC standards for moisture sensitivity (MSL Level 1) and solderability (J-STD-002).
How does the P4SMA51A-E3/5A compare to bidirectional TVS diodes like P4SMA51CA?
The P4SMA51A-E3/5A is unidirectional and intended for DC line protection where polarity is fixed (e.g., VCC-to-ground), whereas P4SMA51CA is bidirectional and suited for AC or differential signal lines (e.g., RS-485, audio). The unidirectional P4SMA51A-E3/5A provides lower leakage (<1 µA at VWM) and sharper breakdown knee, improving noise immunity in DC systems. Bidirectional variants exhibit symmetrical clamping in both directions but have higher leakage and reduced precision in low-voltage applications.
What is the thermal resistance of the P4SMA51A-E3/5A, and how does it affect PCB layout?
The P4SMA51A-E3/5A has a typical junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of 120 °C/W when mounted on minimum recommended copper pads (0.2" × 0.2"), and junction-to-lead resistance (RθJL) of 30 °C/W. To maintain TJ ≤ 150 °C at full 3.3 W steady-state dissipation, designers must ensure adequate copper area and airflow - typically doubling pad size or adding thermal vias reduces RθJA by 20–30%. Layout directly impacts reliability during repetitive surge events.
P4SMA51A-E3/5A Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division
- Package/Case:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Series:
- P4SMA, TransZorb®
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Type:
- Zener
- Unidirectional Channels:
- 1
- Bidirectional Channels:
- -
- Voltage - Reverse Standoff (Typ):
- 43.6V
- Voltage - Breakdown (Min):
- 48.5V
- Voltage - Clamping (Max) @ Ipp:
- 70.1V
- Current - Peak Pulse (10/1000µs):
- 5.7A
- Power - Peak Pulse:
- 400W
- Power Line Protection:
- No
- Applications:
- General Purpose
- Capacitance @ Frequency:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -65°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- DO-214AC (SMA)
P4SMA51A-E3/5A FAQ
1.How can I place an order for P4SMA51A-E3/5A through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for P4SMA51A-E3/5A on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for P4SMA51A-E3/5A reliable?
The price and inventory of P4SMA51A-E3/5A are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for P4SMA51A-E3/5A is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for P4SMA51A-E3/5A?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for P4SMA51A-E3/5A transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for P4SMA51A-E3/5A?
P4SMA51A-E3/5A orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your P4SMA51A-E3/5A order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for P4SMA51A-E3/5A?
For technical support, including P4SMA51A-E3/5A datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your P4SMA51A-E3/5A requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that P4SMA51A-E3/5A is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All P4SMA51A-E3/5A products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that P4SMA51A-E3/5A meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of P4SMA51A-E3/5A?
All P4SMA51A-E3/5A units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with P4SMA51A-E3/5A, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The P4SMA51A-E3/5A part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for P4SMA51A-E3/5A:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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