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Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division P4SMA540A-E3/5A
- Part No.:
- P4SMA540A-E3/5A
- Manufacturer:
- Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division
- Category:
- TVS Diodes
- Package:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Datasheet:
-
P4SMA540A-E3/5A.pdf
- Description:
- TVS DIODE 459VWM 740VC DO214AC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:8,906
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Product details
Overview
P4SMA540A-E3/5A from Vishay General Semiconductor is a unidirectional surface-mount Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) diode designed for high-energy surge protection in power and signal lines. It features a 540 V breakdown voltage (VBR), 459 V standoff voltage (VWM), 740 V clamping voltage at peak pulse current, 400 W peak pulse power rating (10/1000 µs), and SMA (DO-214AC) package with AEC-Q101 qualification for automotive-grade reliability.
For engineers reviewing the P4SMA540A-E3/5A datasheet, P4SMA540A-E3/5A pinout, P4SMA540A-E3/5A application, or P4SMA540A-E3/5A equivalent, key selection criteria include clamping performance under 400 W transients, unidirectional polarity with cathode band marking, thermal resistance (RθJA = 120 °C/W), compliance with UL 497B, and suitability for high-voltage DC bus and industrial power supply protection.
Technical Context
The P4SMA540A-E3/5A operates as a unidirectional avalanche diode, triggering when reverse voltage exceeds its 540 V breakdown threshold to clamp transient energy into the PCB ground plane. Its glass-passivated junction ensures stable VBR tolerance (±5%) and low incremental surge resistance, enabling consistent response across repetitive 10/1000 µs surges at 0.01% duty cycle.
Designed for mounting on 5.0 mm × 5.0 mm copper pads per terminal, it delivers 400 W peak pulse power up to 25 °C ambient, derating linearly above TA = 25 °C per Fig. 2. With 150 °C maximum junction temperature and MSL Level 1 moisture sensitivity, it supports lead-free reflow up to 260 °C peak.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VBR (min/max) | 513 V / 567 V at 1.0 mA test current - defines precise avalanche onset window for predictable clamping initiation |
| VWM | 459 V - maximum continuous reverse operating voltage before leakage exceeds 1.0 µA |
| VC at IPPM | 740 V - clamped voltage during 400 W 10/1000 µs surge, limiting downstream stress on protected ICs |
| PPPM | 400 W - peak transient energy absorption capability under standard lightning/surge waveform |
| IFSM | 40 A - single half-sine surge current rating (8.3 ms), supporting inrush and fault-current events |
| RθJA | 120 °C/W - thermal resistance from junction to ambient, requiring adequate copper area for thermal management |
| TJ max | 150 °C - maximum allowable junction temperature, defining safe operating envelope under sustained stress |
Pinout & Package
Package: SMA (DO-214AC), surface-mount, low-profile plastic case with matte tin-plated leads compliant with J-STD-002 and JESD 22-B102 solderability standards. Cathode identified by a visible band on the body.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode | Forward current entry / Reverse surge return path | Connected to protected line (e.g., DC+ rail); conducts during forward bias or surge discharge to ground |
| Cathode | Avalanche reference node / Clamping control terminal | Marked with band; tied to system ground or low-impedance return path to enable controlled clamping action |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| 400 W peak pulse power (10/1000 µs) | Enables robust protection against IEC 61000-4-5 Level 4 surges on high-voltage DC inputs without derating |
| Glass passivated junction | Ensures long-term VBR stability and low parameter drift over temperature and lifetime |
| AEC-Q101 qualified (suffix B variant) | Validated for automotive powertrain and chassis applications requiring zero-failure reliability under thermal cycling |
| UL 497B recognized (QVGQ2) | Meets safety agency requirements for telecom and industrial surge protectors without additional certification overhead |
| MSL Level 1, 260 °C peak reflow | Supports standard lead-free SMT assembly without baking or special handling |
Applications
| Industrial Power Supply Input Protection | Automotive DC-DC Converter Input Stage |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Protecting 400–600 V DC input rails of switch-mode power supplies against lightning-induced surges and load dump transients. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Unidirectional TVS diode placed between DC+ and chassis ground to clamp transients before they reach primary-side controllers and MOSFETs. Use Value: Limits voltage excursion to ≤740 V during 400 W surges, preserving gate oxide integrity of 650 V Si MOSFETs and preventing controller latch-up. |
Use Scenario: Safeguarding 12 V/48 V to 400 V DC-DC boost converters in EV onboard chargers and battery management systems. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-voltage transient suppressor on HV bus input, triggered within <1 ns to divert ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a/b energy away from power stage. Use Value: AEC-Q101 qualification ensures operation across –40 °C to +125 °C ambient, maintaining clamping performance during cold-crank and hot-soak conditions. |
| Telecom Rectifier Module Output Clamp | Renewable Energy Inverter DC Link Surge Guard |
Use Scenario: Suppressing switching noise and induced surges on +48 V telecom rectifier outputs feeding sensitive base station control boards. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standoff-rated TVS (VWM = 459 V) used in series with lower-voltage TVS arrays to extend protection range beyond standard 36 V devices. Use Value: 1.0 µA leakage at VWM minimizes standby power loss while enabling fast response to >1 kV transients on shared backplane rails. |
Use Scenario: Protecting 500–600 V DC link capacitors and IGBT gates in solar string inverters exposed to grid-switching transients and nearby lightning strikes. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary clamping device on DC+ rail, coordinated with MOVs to handle multi-millisecond energy while limiting dv/dt stress on film capacitors. Use Value: 740 V clamping voltage prevents overvoltage failure of 600 V IGBT modules rated at 100% VCEO, extending system MTBF in outdoor deployments. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar transient suppression applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMAJ540A | Same VBR (513–567 V), but 400 W rating tested at 25 °C only; no AEC-Q101 qualification; RθJA = 135 °C/W | Limited to commercial-grade industrial equipment; not approved for automotive under hood use | Select when cost sensitivity outweighs automotive qualification and thermal margin is sufficient with larger copper area |
| 1.5SMC540A | Higher 1500 W rating (10/1000 µs), DO-214AB package (larger footprint), VC = 740 V, same VWM/VBR range | Used where higher single-pulse energy absorption is required, e.g., utility meter front-end protection | Choose when surge threat level exceeds IEC 61000-4-5 Level 4 and board space allows larger SMC package |
Compared with SMAJ540A and 1.5SMC540A, the P4SMA540A-E3/5A provides AEC-Q101 validation and tighter thermal resistance (120 vs. 135 °C/W), making it optimal for space-constrained automotive and industrial designs requiring certified reliability without sacrificing clamping precision.
Availability
P4SMA540A-E3/5A is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for industrial power supply input protection, automotive DC-DC converter input stages, and renewable energy inverter DC link surge guard applications requiring stable component supply and full traceability.
Supply support for P4SMA540A-E3/5A includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Vishay General Semiconductor is a global leader in discrete semiconductors, specializing in diodes, MOSFETs, optoelectronics, and passive components with emphasis on reliability, efficiency, and application-specific optimization.
The P4SMA Series targets high-voltage transient suppression in automotive, industrial, and telecom infrastructure, delivering standardized TVS performance in compact SMA packages with AEC-Q101 and UL recognition built-in.
FAQ
What is the breakdown voltage tolerance for P4SMA540A-E3/5A?
The P4SMA540A-E3/5A has a breakdown voltage (VBR) range of 513 V to 567 V at 1.0 mA test current, corresponding to ±5% tolerance around the nominal 540 V rating. This tight tolerance ensures predictable clamping behavior across production lots and temperature ranges, critical for protecting 600 V-class power devices without overdesigning the margin.
Does P4SMA540A-E3/5A support automotive applications?
Yes, the P4SMA540A-E3/5A is AEC-Q101 qualified (per suffix "B" variant documentation), validated for automotive powertrain and chassis applications. It operates reliably from –40 °C to +125 °C junction temperature and withstands thermal cycling, vibration, and humidity stress per AEC test requirements-making it suitable for EV DC-DC converters and battery protection circuits.
What is the maximum clamping voltage of P4SMA540A-E3/5A under surge conditions?
The P4SMA540A-E3/5A clamps to a maximum of 740 V when subjected to its rated 400 W peak pulse power (10/1000 µs waveform). This value is measured at the peak pulse current (IPPM) and defines the upper voltage limit imposed on protected circuitry during transient events, ensuring compatibility with 600 V IGBTs and SiC MOSFETs.
How does the SMA (DO-214AC) package of P4SMA540A-E3/5A affect thermal performance?
The SMA (DO-214AC) package of P4SMA540A-E3/5A has a typical junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of 120 °C/W when mounted on 5.0 mm × 5.0 mm copper pads per terminal. This requires careful PCB layout with adequate copper area to maintain junction temperature below 150 °C during repetitive surges-especially critical in enclosed industrial enclosures with limited airflow.
Is P4SMA540A-E3/5A RoHS-compliant and halogen-free?
Yes, the "E3" suffix in P4SMA540A-E3/5A indicates RoHS-compliant construction per EU Directive 2011/65/EU. It is not halogen-free; for halogen-free and RoHS-compliant versions, the "M3" suffix (e.g., P4SMA540A-M3/5A) must be specified. Both variants meet JESD 201 Class 2 whisker resistance and UL 94 V-0 flammability standards.
P4SMA540A-E3/5A Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division
- Package/Case:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Series:
- P4SMA, TransZorb®
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Obsolete
- Type:
- Zener
- Unidirectional Channels:
- 1
- Bidirectional Channels:
- -
- Voltage - Reverse Standoff (Typ):
- 459V
- Voltage - Breakdown (Min):
- 513V
- Voltage - Clamping (Max) @ Ipp:
- 740V
- Current - Peak Pulse (10/1000µs):
- 410mA
- Power - Peak Pulse:
- 300W
- Power Line Protection:
- No
- Applications:
- General Purpose
- Capacitance @ Frequency:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -65°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- -
- Qualification:
- -
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- DO-214AC (SMA)
P4SMA540A-E3/5A FAQ
1.How can I place an order for P4SMA540A-E3/5A through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for P4SMA540A-E3/5A on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for P4SMA540A-E3/5A reliable?
The price and inventory of P4SMA540A-E3/5A are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for P4SMA540A-E3/5A is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for P4SMA540A-E3/5A?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for P4SMA540A-E3/5A transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for P4SMA540A-E3/5A?
P4SMA540A-E3/5A orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your P4SMA540A-E3/5A order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for P4SMA540A-E3/5A?
For technical support, including P4SMA540A-E3/5A datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your P4SMA540A-E3/5A requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that P4SMA540A-E3/5A is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All P4SMA540A-E3/5A products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that P4SMA540A-E3/5A meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of P4SMA540A-E3/5A?
All P4SMA540A-E3/5A units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with P4SMA540A-E3/5A, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The P4SMA540A-E3/5A part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for P4SMA540A-E3/5A:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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