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Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division P4SMA540AHM3_A/I
- Part No.:
- P4SMA540AHM3_A/I
- Manufacturer:
- Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division
- Category:
- TVS Diodes
- Package:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Datasheet:
-
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I.pdf
- Description:
- TVS DIODE 459VWM 740VC DO214AC
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:4,310
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Product details
Overview
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I from Vishay General Semiconductor is a unidirectional surface-mount Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) diode in SMA (DO-214AC) package, rated for 540 V breakdown voltage (VBR = 513–567 V at IT = 1.0 mA), 459 V standoff voltage (VWM), and 740 V clamping voltage (VC) at 0.41 A peak pulse current (IPPM). It delivers 400 W peak pulse power (10/1000 µs waveform) and is AEC-Q101 qualified for automotive applications including power rail protection in engine control units and battery management systems.
For engineers reviewing the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I datasheet, P4SMA540AHM3_A/I pinout, P4SMA540AHM3_A/I application, or P4SMA540AHM3_A/I equivalent, key selection criteria include its high-voltage standoff capability, low leakage (<1.0 µA at VWM), halogen-free RoHS-compliant construction, MSL Level 1 rating, and suitability for repetitive surge suppression in 12 V–48 V industrial and automotive power domains.
Technical Context
This TVS diode operates as a unidirectional clamping device with cathode-banded polarity, leveraging glass-passivated junction technology for stable avalanche behavior under transient overvoltage events. Its thermal resistance (RθJA = 120 °C/W) and junction temperature range (–65 to +150 °C) support reliable operation on standard PCB copper pads without forced cooling.
The device complies with ANSI/IEEE C62.35 surge test standards and meets UL 497B recognition (QVGQ2) for protector classification. It is rated for 40 A non-repetitive forward surge current (IFSM, 8.3 ms half-sine) and exhibits a VBR temperature coefficient of 0.110 %/°C - critical for stability across automotive ambient temperature extremes.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VBR (min/max) | 513 V / 567 V at IT = 1.0 mA - defines precise avalanche onset window for predictable clamping threshold |
| VWM | 459 V - maximum continuous reverse operating voltage before leakage exceeds 1.0 µA |
| VC @ IPPM | 740 V at 0.41 A - clamped voltage during 10/1000 µs surge, limiting downstream stress |
| PPPM | 400 W - peak transient power handling capacity under standardized surge waveform |
| IFSM | 40 A - single-cycle surge current rating (8.3 ms half-sine), supporting load-dump immunity |
| TJ max. | +150 °C - enables use in under-hood automotive environments without derating |
| Package | SMA (DO-214AC) - industry-standard SMD outline with 5.0 mm × 5.0 mm copper pad thermal requirement |
Pinout & Package
SMA (DO-214AC) surface-mount package with matte tin-plated leads, compliant with J-STD-002 and JESD 22-B102 solderability standards. Cathode identified by band marking; anode is unmarked end.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode | Current entry point in forward bias; connected to protected circuit ground or low-side reference | Defines conduction path during positive transients when used in unidirectional configuration |
| Cathode | Current exit point in forward bias; connected to protected line (e.g., 48 V rail) | Band-marked terminal establishes polarity-sensitive clamping direction for overvoltage suppression |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| AEC-Q101 qualification | Validated for automotive-grade reliability per stress test requirements, enabling use in ECU, BMS, and ADAS power stages |
| Halogen-free & RoHS-compliant (HM3 suffix) | Meets environmental compliance mandates for Tier 1 automotive supply chains and industrial green procurement policies |
| MSL Level 1 (260 °C peak) | Supports standard reflow soldering without moisture sensitivity concerns or baking preconditioning |
| Low incremental surge resistance | Minimizes VC overshoot during fast-rising transients (e.g., ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a), improving system-level robustness |
| UL 497B Recognized (QVGQ2) | Enables direct integration into safety-certified telecom and industrial equipment without additional system-level testing |
Applications
| Automotive Power Rail Protection | Industrial 48 V DC Distribution |
|---|---|
|
Use Scenario: Suppressing load dump transients (ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a) on 12 V/24 V/48 V battery-fed circuits in engine control modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Unidirectional TVS clamping device placed between power input and ground, activated within <1 ns of overvoltage event. Use Value: Limits peak voltage to ≤740 V during 100 V/350 ms load dump, protecting downstream DC-DC converters and microcontrollers. |
Use Scenario: Protecting programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and motor drives from switching surges on 48 V auxiliary power buses. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standoff-rated transient suppressor mounted at board-level input connector, shunting energy to chassis ground. Use Value: Withstands 400 W surges while maintaining <1.0 µA leakage at 459 V, ensuring minimal standby power loss and long-term reliability. |
| Telecom DC Feeder Protection | Renewable Energy Charge Controller Input |
|
Use Scenario: Safeguarding PoE-powered remote radio units (RRUs) against lightning-induced surges on 48 V DC feeder lines. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary clamping element in multi-stage protection scheme, coordinated with GDT and MOV upstream. Use Value: Provides precise 459 V standoff and 740 V clamping to avoid false triggering while meeting ITU-T K.21 heavy-duty surge requirements. |
Use Scenario: Shielding solar charge controller inputs from induced transients caused by PV array arcing or lightning coupling. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: High-voltage unidirectional TVS placed across MPPT input terminals, referenced to system ground. Use Value: Rated for 150 °C junction temperature and 40 A surge, enabling deployment in hot, unventilated outdoor enclosures without derating. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar transient voltage suppression applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMBJ540A | Same VBR range (513–567 V) but SMB (DO-214AA) package - 20 % larger footprint, RθJA = 100 °C/W | Better thermal performance on minimal copper; less space-constrained layouts only | Select when board layout allows larger pad area and higher continuous power dissipation is needed |
| SMCJ540A | Same VBR range but SMC (DO-214AB) package - 400 W rating retained, RθJA = 75 °C/W, IPPM = 0.53 A | Higher surge current capacity and lower clamping (VC = 724 V); requires larger PCB real estate | Choose for mission-critical 48 V systems needing marginally lower clamping and proven field reliability in harsh environments |
Compared with SMBJ540A and SMCJ540A, the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I offers the smallest footprint (SMA), halogen-free compliance, and AEC-Q101 qualification - making it optimal for space-constrained, automotive-grade, and environmentally regulated 48 V power protection designs.
Availability
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive electronics, industrial 48 V DC distribution systems, and telecom power feeders requiring stable component supply, long-term lifecycle assurance, and traceable sourcing.
Supply support for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Vishay General Semiconductor is a global leader in discrete semiconductors, specializing in diodes, rectifiers, and protection devices with emphasis on reliability, efficiency, and application-specific validation.
The P4SMA Series is engineered for high-voltage transient suppression in automotive, industrial, and telecom infrastructure - delivering AEC-Q101-qualified, UL-recognized TVS diodes with consistent clamping performance across temperature and lifetime.
FAQ
What is the maximum clamping voltage of the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I under a 10/1000 µs surge?
The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I has a maximum clamping voltage (VC) of 740 V at its rated peak pulse current (IPPM) of 0.41 A under the standardized 10/1000 µs waveform. This value is measured per Figure 1 in Vishay document 88367 and ensures downstream components see no more than 740 V during surge events - critical for safeguarding 48 V-rated ICs and MOSFETs. The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I maintains this clamping performance across its full operating temperature range.
Is the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I suitable for automotive applications?
Yes, the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is AEC-Q101 qualified (suffix HM3_B per ordering table), making it suitable for automotive power electronics including engine control units, battery management systems, and ADAS domain controllers. Its –65 °C to +150 °C junction temperature range, MSL Level 1 reflow compatibility, and UL 497B recognition support compliance with automotive reliability and safety requirements. The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is explicitly validated for load dump and ISO 7637-2 transient immunity.
What does the "HM3_A/I" suffix indicate in P4SMA540AHM3_A/I?
The "HM3" denotes halogen-free, RoHS-compliant construction; "A" indicates AEC-Q101 qualification level (Revision A); and "I" specifies packaging in 13-inch tape-and-reel format (7500 units per reel). This full suffix confirms the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I meets automotive-grade material, reliability, and logistics requirements - distinct from commercial-grade "E3" or "M3" variants. The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is traceable to Vishay's qualified production lot controls.
How does the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I compare to bidirectional TVS diodes?
The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is unidirectional and features a cathode band for polarity-sensitive placement - it conducts only during reverse overvoltage (anode grounded, cathode to line), unlike bidirectional types that protect both polarities. Its VWM = 459 V and VBR = 513–567 V are specified for one direction only. Bidirectional equivalents (e.g., P4SMA540CA) have lower VBR ranges and are unsuitable where DC polarity must be preserved. The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is preferred for 48 V DC rails with defined ground reference.
What is the thermal resistance and recommended PCB layout for the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I?
The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I has a typical junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (RθJA) of 120 °C/W when mounted on minimum recommended 0.2" × 0.2" (5.0 mm × 5.0 mm) copper pads per terminal. Vishay specifies this pad layout in Document 88367 to ensure rated 400 W pulse power handling and prevent thermal runaway. Reducing pad size increases RθJA and requires derating; the P4SMA540AHM3_A/I must not be operated above 150 °C junction temperature under any condition.
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Vishay General Semiconductor - Diodes Division
- Package/Case:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Series:
- P4SMA, TransZorb®
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Discontinued at Digi-Key
- Type:
- Zener
- Unidirectional Channels:
- 1
- Bidirectional Channels:
- -
- Voltage - Reverse Standoff (Typ):
- 459V
- Voltage - Breakdown (Min):
- 513V
- Voltage - Clamping (Max) @ Ipp:
- 740V
- Current - Peak Pulse (10/1000µs):
- 410mA
- Power - Peak Pulse:
- 400W
- Power Line Protection:
- No
- Applications:
- Telecom
- Capacitance @ Frequency:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -65°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- Automotive
- Qualification:
- AEC-Q101
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- DO-214AC (SMA)
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I FAQ
1.How can I place an order for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I reliable?
The price and inventory of P4SMA540AHM3_A/I are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I?
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your P4SMA540AHM3_A/I order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I?
For technical support, including P4SMA540AHM3_A/I datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your P4SMA540AHM3_A/I requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that P4SMA540AHM3_A/I is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All P4SMA540AHM3_A/I products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that P4SMA540AHM3_A/I meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of P4SMA540AHM3_A/I?
All P4SMA540AHM3_A/I units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with P4SMA540AHM3_A/I, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The P4SMA540AHM3_A/I part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for P4SMA540AHM3_A/I:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
P4SMA540AHM3_A/I Tags
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