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Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation P4SMA91H
- Part No.:
- P4SMA91H
- Manufacturer:
- Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation
- Category:
- TVS Diodes
- Package:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Datasheet:
-
P4SMA91H.pdf
- Description:
- 400W, 91V, 10%, UNIDIRECTIONAL,
- Quantity:
- Payment:
- Shipping:
Inventory:7,802
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Product details
Overview
P4SMA91H from Taiwan Semiconductor is a unidirectional surface-mount transient voltage suppressor (TVS) diode designed for overvoltage protection in DC power lines and signal paths. It features a 73.7 V working stand-off voltage, 81.9–100 V breakdown range at 1 mA, 131 V maximum clamping voltage at 3.2 A peak pulse current, and 400 W peak pulse power rating under 10/1000 µs waveform. It is widely deployed in automotive-grade DC/DC converters to protect against ISO 7637-2 Pulse 1/2a/2b/3a/3b transients.
For engineers reviewing the P4SMA91H datasheet, P4SMA91H pinout, P4SMA91H application, or P4SMA91H equivalent, key selection criteria include clamping performance at rated IPPM, low leakage (<1 µA @ 73.7 V), AEC-Q101 qualification, DO-214AC package compatibility, and thermal derating behavior above 25°C ambient.
Technical Context
The P4SMA91H operates as a unidirectional avalanche diode with glass-passivated junction, enabling fast response (<1.0 ps) and stable breakdown characteristics across temperature. Its single-die DO-214AC construction supports automated SMT placement and meets JESD201 Class 2 whisker resistance and J-STD-020 Moisture Sensitivity Level 1 requirements.
It delivers 400 W peak pulse power handling per 10/1000 µs waveform, with clamping voltage tightly specified at 131 V under 3.2 A impulse current. The device's temperature coefficient of VBR is +0.106 %/°C, ensuring predictable voltage drift in automotive thermal environments ranging from –55°C to +150°C junction temperature.
Key Specifications
| Parameter | Value and Actual Design Meaning |
|---|---|
| VWM | 73.7 V - Maximum continuous reverse operating voltage before leakage exceeds 1 µA; defines safe DC bias margin. |
| VBR min/max | 81.9–100 V @ 1 mA - Breakdown voltage range confirming robust avalanche initiation under transient stress. |
| VC @ IPPM | 131 V @ 3.2 A - Clamping voltage during 10/1000 µs surge; determines protected circuit's maximum transient exposure. |
| PPPM | 400 W - Peak pulse power capability per standard waveform; enables compliance with ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a. |
| IR @ VWM | <1 µA - Ultra-low reverse leakage ensures minimal standby power loss in always-on systems. |
| TJ max | +150 °C - Maximum junction temperature rating supporting under-hood automotive deployment without derating. |
| Package | DO-214AC (SMA) - Industry-standard surface-mount outline with cathode band marking and 0.060 g mass. |
Pinout & Package
DO-214AC (SMA) package: molded plastic case with matte tin-plated leads, polarity indicated by cathode band, UL 94V-0 rated compound, and J-STD-002 solderability.
| Pin/Terminal | Circuit Role | Design Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Anode | Forward conduction terminal | Connected to lower-potential side (e.g., ground or return path) in unidirectional TVS configuration. |
| Cathode | Avalanche clamping terminal | Connected to protected line (e.g., 12 V rail); conducts during overvoltage to clamp voltage to ≤131 V. |
Key Features
| Feature | Design Value |
|---|---|
| AEC-Q101 qualified | Validated for automotive electronics per stress test requirements including HTOL, TCT, and ESD-HBM/MM. |
| Glass passivated junction | Ensures long-term reliability and stable VBR drift under thermal cycling and humidity exposure. |
| Fast response time | <1.0 ps - Enables suppression of nanosecond-scale ESD and fast-rising load dump transients. |
| ISO 7637-2 compliance | Meets Pulse 1 (inductive switch-off), Pulse 2a/2b (battery disconnect), and Pulse 3a/3b (switching noise) immunity. |
| Halogen-free & RoHS | Complies with IEC 61249-2-21 and EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for green manufacturing. |
Applications
| Automotive DC/DC Converter Protection | Industrial SMPS Input Stage |
|---|---|
Use Scenario: Protects 12 V-to-5 V buck converter input from load dump and jump-start transients in vehicle infotainment modules. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Unidirectional TVS placed between input rail and ground to clamp surges before they reach controller IC and MOSFETs. Use Value: Limits voltage excursion to ≤131 V during 400 W transients, preserving downstream IC reliability per ISO 7637-2 Pulse 5a. | Use Scenario: Shields AC/DC adapter output stage against line-induced surges in factory automation PLC power supplies. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Standoff-rated TVS on secondary-side DC bus to absorb repetitive switching spikes and lightning-induced coupling. Use Value: Maintains <1 µA leakage at 73.7 V, minimizing quiescent loss while delivering 400 W pulse handling for EN 61000-4-5 compliance. |
| LED Driver Overvoltage Clamp | On-Board Charger (OBC) Auxiliary Rail |
Use Scenario: Safeguards constant-current LED driver ICs in streetlight systems exposed to utility grid switching transients. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Parallel-connected TVS across driver input to shunt energy during >100 V line spikes. Use Value: Clamps within 131 V at 3.2 A, preventing latch-up or gate oxide damage in integrated driver FETs. | Use Scenario: Protects 12 V auxiliary supply in EV on-board chargers subjected to battery reversal and alternator load dump. IC Role / Device Role / Timing Role: Primary overvoltage guard on low-voltage control rail feeding MCU, CAN transceivers, and sensors. Use Value: AEC-Q101 qualification and –55°C to +150°C operation ensure functional safety in harsh EV underhood environments. |
Equivalent & Alternatives
The following parts are listed as comparable options for similar TVS diode applications.
| Alternative Part | Technical Difference | Application Difference | Selection Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMBJ90A | DO-214AA package; 90 V standoff; 139 V clamping at 2.9 A; same 400 W rating. | Larger footprint (7.0 × 6.2 mm vs. SMA's 4.5 × 2.7 mm); higher thermal mass but less board space efficiency. | Select when higher surge repetition tolerance is needed; not drop-in due to different pad layout and height. |
| 1.5SMC91A | DO-214AB package; identical 73.7 V VWM and 131 V VC; 1500 W rating (1.5 kW), larger body. | Designed for higher-energy transients (e.g., lightning); overqualified for ISO 7637-2 but requires PCB redesign. | Choose only if system-level testing reveals insufficient margin with 400 W rating; not pin-compatible. |
Compared with SMBJ90A and 1.5SMC91A, the P4SMA91H offers optimal balance of compact DO-214AC size, AEC-Q101 compliance, and precise 73.7 V standoff-making it preferred for space-constrained automotive modules where exact clamping voltage and thermal profile are critical.
Availability
P4SMA91H is available at Aetrix Electronics and suitable for automotive DC/DC converters, industrial SMPS units, and LED driver designs requiring stable component supply with full traceability and lifecycle management.
Supply support for P4SMA91H includes scheduled delivery planning, volume procurement assistance, BOM continuity management, traceable sourcing, and lifecycle availability coordination for OEM customers, industrial embedded developers, connected-device designers, and electronics production programs.
Manufacturer
Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation (TSC) is a vertically integrated analog and discrete semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Hsinchu, Taiwan, serving global automotive, industrial, and consumer markets since 1979.
The P4SMA91H belongs to TSC's AEC-Q101-qualified P4SMAxH series of surface-mount TVS diodes, engineered specifically for robust transient suppression in automotive power electronics and industrial equipment subject to ISO 7637-2 and IEC 61000-4-5 stress profiles.
FAQ
What is the maximum clamping voltage of P4SMA91H under standard surge conditions?
The P4SMA91H has a maximum clamping voltage (VC) of 131 V when subjected to a 10/1000 µs waveform peak impulse current (IPPM) of 3.2 A. This value is measured per ANSI/IEEE C62.35 and defines the upper voltage limit imposed on protected circuitry during transient events, ensuring downstream components remain within safe operating limits.
Is P4SMA91H suitable for bidirectional transient protection?
No, P4SMA91H is a unidirectional TVS diode intended for DC line protection with defined anode-cathode polarity. For bidirectional applications, Taiwan Semiconductor specifies variants with "CH" or "CAH" suffixes (e.g., P4SMA91CH). Using P4SMA91H in reverse-biased AC configurations may result in unintended forward conduction or failure to clamp negative transients.
Does P4SMA91H meet automotive qualification standards?
Yes, P4SMA91H is AEC-Q101 qualified and tested for automotive-grade reliability, including high-temperature operating life (HTOL), temperature cycling (TCT), and electrostatic discharge (HBM/MM). It also meets ISO 7637-2 Pulse 1, 2a, 2b, 3a, and 3b requirements-making it suitable for engine control units, body electronics, and ADAS power domains.
What is the leakage current specification for P4SMA91H at its working voltage?
At its rated working stand-off voltage (VWM) of 73.7 V, the P4SMA91H exhibits a maximum reverse leakage current (IR) of 1 µA at 25°C. This ultra-low leakage ensures minimal power loss in always-on automotive subsystems and preserves battery runtime in low-power monitoring circuits.
Can P4SMA91H be used in reflow soldering processes?
Yes, P4SMA91H is qualified for standard lead-free reflow soldering per J-STD-020, with Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) 1-meaning it can be stored indefinitely at ≤30°C/85% RH without baking. Its matte tin-plated leads comply with J-STD-002 for reliable wetting and intermetallic formation during peak temperatures up to 260°C.
P4SMA91H Specifications
- Product attributes
- Attribute value
- Manufacturer:
- Taiwan Semiconductor Corporation
- Package/Case:
- DO-214AC, SMA
- Series:
- P4SMA
- Packaging:
- Tape & Reel (TR)
- Product Status:
- Active
- Type:
- Zener
- Unidirectional Channels:
- 1
- Bidirectional Channels:
- -
- Voltage - Reverse Standoff (Typ):
- 73.7V
- Voltage - Breakdown (Min):
- 81.9V
- Voltage - Clamping (Max) @ Ipp:
- 131V
- Current - Peak Pulse (10/1000µs):
- 3.2A
- Power - Peak Pulse:
- 400W
- Power Line Protection:
- No
- Applications:
- -
- Capacitance @ Frequency:
- -
- Operating Temperature:
- -55°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
- Grade:
- Automotive
- Qualification:
- AEC-Q101
- Mounting Type:
- Surface Mount
- Supplier Device Package:
- DO-214AC (SMA)
P4SMA91H FAQ
1.How can I place an order for P4SMA91H through Aetrix?
Please submit a Request for Quotation (RFQ) for P4SMA91H on Aetrix. Our sales agent will provide a competitive quotation and guide you through the order confirmation once you accept the terms.
2.Are the price and stock information for P4SMA91H reliable?
The price and inventory of P4SMA91H are updated periodically and may fluctuate due to market conditions. Stock and pricing data are typically refreshed every 24 hours. Quotation validity for P4SMA91H is usually 5 days.
3.What payment methods are accepted for P4SMA91H?
We accept Wire Transfer, PayPal, Credit Card, Western Union, MoneyGram, and Escrow for P4SMA91H transactions.
Note: Certain payment methods may incur a processing fee.
4.How is shipping managed for P4SMA91H?
P4SMA91H orders can be shipped via leading logistics carriers, including DHL, UPS, FedEx, TNT, or Registered Mail.
Once your P4SMA91H order is processed, you will receive an email with the shipment details and tracking number.
Note: Tracking information may take up to 24 hours to appear. Express delivery typically takes 3–5 business days.
5.How can I obtain technical support or documentation for P4SMA91H?
For technical support, including P4SMA91H datasheets, pinout diagrams, or application guidance, please contact our engineering support team. They can provide detailed documentation and assistance for your P4SMA91H requirements.
6.How does Aetrix verify that P4SMA91H is sourced from the original manufacturer or authorized distributors?
All P4SMA91H products on Aetrix are procured from qualified distributors and authorized channels. Our dedicated quality assurance team conducts strict verification, including traceability checks and, if necessary, third-party testing. This ensures that P4SMA91H meets industry standards.
7.What is the process for return or replacement of P4SMA91H?
All P4SMA91H units undergo pre-shipment inspection (PSI). If there is an issue with P4SMA91H, returns or replacements are accepted under the following conditions:
1.Quantity discrepancies, incorrect items, or visible external defects (such as breakage or corrosion), acknowledged by Aetrix.
2.The issue is reported within 90 days of delivery.
3.The P4SMA91H part is unused and in its original packaging.
Return procedure for P4SMA91H:
1.Submit a request within 90 days.
2.Obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) from Aetrix.
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